CLIMATE OF PLEISTOCENE PERIOD. 61 



2. Pupa parcedentata, A. Braim ; rare. Extinct ; akin to the high- 



alpine form, P. Sempronii, Charp. 



3. Pupa muscorum, L. sp. ; abundant. Living in Franconia. Europe 



generally and Siberia. 



4. Pupa columella, G. v. Martens ; rare. High Alps, Lapland, and 



Kussia. 



5. Clausilia dubia, Drap. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. Middle 



Europe. 



6. Clausilia pumila, Ziegl. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. Middle 



Europe. 



7. Clausilia jparvula, Stud. ; abundant. Living in Franconia. Middle 



Europe generally. 



8. Clausilia laminata, Mont. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. 



Europe, with the exception of the Arctic Eegions. 



9. Cionella lubrica, Mull. sp. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. 

 Europe generally and Siberia. 



10. Chondrula tridens, Mull., sp. ; rare. Living in Franconia. Middle 

 and Southern Europe. 



11. Helix arbustorum, L. ; abundant. Living in Franconia. Middle 



and Northern Europe. 



12. Helix sencea, Drap. ; very abundant. Living in Franconia. Middle 



and South Germany (Alps). 



13. Helix striata, Mull., var. nilssoniana, Beck ; rare. Middle and 



North Germany, Sweden ; the variety in Oeland. 



14. Helix strigella, Mull. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. Europe 



generally, Siberia. 



15. Helix pulchella, Mull. ; rare. Living in Franconia. Europe gener- 



ally, Siberia, North America. 



16. Helix tenuilabris, A. Braun ; very rare. Siberia, Alps, Swabian 



Alb. 



17. Helix fruticum, Mull. ; very rare. Living in Franconia. Europe 



(with the exception of British Islands), Ural, Altai. 



18. Succinea oblonga, Mull. ; very abundant. Living in Franconia. 



Rare in Middle Europe, with the exception of the higher mountains 

 (Black Forest, Alps) ; very common in Scandinavia and Russia. 



19. Succinea putris, L. ; rare. Living in Franconia. Europe generally, 



and Siberia (here it attains its largest size). 



20. Limax agrestis, L. ; rare. Living in Franconia. Europe generally, 



Siberia, and North America. 



Of these twenty species there are seventeen which still live 

 in Franconia ; but many of the latter, Dr. Sandberger says, are 

 varieties which differ greatly from those that characterise the 



