PLEISTO CENE L OAMY DEPOSITS. 1 5 1 



as typical of the loss of the Ehenish districts. The only relic 

 of man, noted by Sandberger, is one of the bones of the finger ; 

 but human remains were found many years ago by M. Ami 

 Boue in the loss near Strasbourg, and the well-known " Eguis- 

 heim cranium " came from loss, in which it was associated with 

 remains of mammoth, lion, stag, horse, etc. Again, a human 

 jaw was obtained underneath loss near Maestricht, at a depth 

 from the surface of 19 feet, and a human skull is said to have 

 been obtained in loss near Mannersdorf. One of the most inter- 

 esting discoveries of human relics in loss is that made by Count 

 Wurmbrand near Zeiselberg, at the mouth of the Kamp valley. 

 At that place the undisturbed loss yielded a rich deposit of 

 bones, underneath which occurred a blackish stratum, abounding 

 with fragments of charcoal and worked flints. The associated 

 mammalian remains included mammoth, rhinoceros, reindeer, 

 horse, ox, wolf, and bear ; and from the general appearance pre- 

 sented by these and the human relics, it was evident that they 

 could not have been transported from any distance. 



Such is the general character of the loss of Central Europe. 

 In all the great valleys which directly or indirectly drain the 

 Alps, the deposit is remarkably homogeneous and alike in almost 

 every respect, and the same is to a large extent true of the loss 

 in tributary valley-systems. But in the upper reaches of the 

 latter some difference may often be detected. Thus in that of 

 the Neckar, near Tubingen, Lyell observed that the loss was very 

 distinct in colour and composition from ordinary Ehenish loss, 

 being mottled with red and green. These appearances are only 

 explicable on the supposition that the main body of the loss of 

 such valleys as the Bhine and the Danube has been derived in 

 large measure from the wearing away of the Alps, the material 

 obtained from other sources being commingled with and lost, as 

 it were, in the superabounding detritus of Alpine origin. Only 

 in the upper reaches of the tributary valleys does a local char- 

 acter impress itself upon the loss. Its mottled appearance in 

 the neighbourhood of Tubingen, for example, is evidently due 

 to the fact that it owes its origin in great part to the degradation 



