INDEX. 



587 



first discoveries of flint implements in, 

 123 ; Perthes on diluvial origin of, 123 ; 

 Peestwich's views on, 124 ; former un- 

 certainty as to relative antiquity of, 

 125 ; origin of, 126 ; high- and low- 

 level, 126 ; great antiquity of, 127 ; 

 rate of modern denudation, 128 ; tor- 

 rential character of, 130 ; flood-loams 

 associated with, 131 ; terraces of, not 

 often preserved, 131 ; erratics in, 133 ; 

 Prestwich's views of climatic conditions 

 during accumulation of, 133 ; evidence 

 of alternate cold and warm climates 

 during accumulation of, 135 ; mode of 

 determining relative age of, 137 ; Dar- 

 win's views of origin of coarse angular 

 gravels of, 141. 



Rivers, of Glacial Period, 233, 234 ; dam- 

 med back by northern ice-sheet, 235 ; 

 subglacial, in Northern Europe, 239 ; 

 torrential deposits of, 396 ; former 

 larger volume of, 398, 407, 455. 



Riviere cited, 21. 



Rixdorf, interglacial deposits of, 278. 



Robertson on unconformity between 

 glacial and postglacial deposits in Scot- 

 land, 385. 



Roches moutonnees, 176. 



Rock -surfaces, glaciated, 176 ; broken and 

 confused under till, 184, 193, 200. 



Rock-terraces, Norwegian, 271 ; Scottish, 

 275. 



Rodeven, submarine forest at, 481. 



Roebuck, 31, 87, 103, 107, 108, 113, 262, 

 367, 373, 427, 442, 449, 480. 



Roemer cited, 150. 



Romagnat valley, moraines in, 211. 



Romans, destruction of trees by, 530. 



Rosa rubiginosa, 515. 



Roslyn Hole, great erratic of, 194. 



Rose cited, 197. 



Roth on German glacial deposits, 277. 



Roxburghshire, till of, 183. 



Rubia peregrina, 49. 



Rubus corylifolius, 515 ; R. idceics, 48, 

 49, 299 ; R. Lindebergii, 515 ; R. 

 radula, 515 ; R. tliyrsoidcus, 515 ; R. 

 Wahlbergii, 515. 



Riidersdorf, glaciated rocks at, 197, 201. 



Russia, treeless regions of, 35 ; glaciation 

 of Northern, 196 ; inundations in 

 Southern, during Glacial Period, 241 ; 

 postglacial deposits of Northern, 470. 



Rutimeter on relics of man in Swiss 

 interglacial beds, 300 ; objection to 

 Pliocene age of moraines, etc., near 

 Como, 324 ; cited, 312. 



Sable Campinien, 507. 

 Sabre-toothed tiger or lion, 26, 33. 



also Machairodus latidcns.) 

 Saiga, 31, 32. 

 Sagina Linncei, 353. 



(See 



St. Acheul, flint implements from, 11. 



St. Andrews Bay, shell-mounds of, 369. 



St. Andrews, raised-beaches at, 418. 



St. Bertrand-de-Comminges, moraine at, 

 323. 



St. Bride's Bay, submarine forest at, 481. 



St. Jacob, interglacial deposits near, 302. 



St. Leonards, submarine forest near, 431. 



St. Malo, submarine forest at, 481. 



St. Michel-en-Lherm, shell-mounds at, 369. 



Saint-Pierre-Quilbignon, submarine forest 

 at, 481. 



St. Prest, cut bones and flint implements 

 in deposits at, 343. 



Salix alba, 49 ; S. aurita, 302 ; S. 

 cinerea, 49, 50, 52, 53, 302, 456 ; S. 

 fragilis, 50, 494 ; S. herbacea, 353, 

 485, 492, 493 ; S. myrtylloides, 456 ; 

 S. polaris, 55, 262, 335, 485, 492, 497 ; 

 S. repens, 456 ; & reticulata, 55, 353, 

 485, 492 ; S. retusa, 497. 



Salzmann's pine, 47, 49. 



Sambucus ebulus, 50. 



Samson, river, caves in valley of, 100, 107. 



Sandberger on mollusca in Pleistocene 

 of Wiirzburg, 60 ; on mammalian fauna 

 of Franconian loss, 62 ; on Pleistocene 

 fauna of Bhenish loss, etc., 63 ; on Stein- 

 bach lignite, 152 ; on shells in loss, 238 ; 

 on shells in modern flood-deposits of 

 Main, 238. 



Sands, drifting, 244. 



Sansino, 317. 



Santa Luce, cut bones in Pliocene near, 

 344. 



Santa Teresa Cave, 114. 



Saporta, Count, on flora of tufas in Pro- 

 vence and Tuscany, 46 ; list of plants 

 in tufas of Provence, 49 ; cited, 50, 51, 

 52, 53 ; on flora of Canstadt tufa, 53 ; 

 on present flora of Montmeilan, QQ ; on 

 Pliocene flora, 332. 



Sardinia, breccias of, 65. 



Sarsaparilla, 47. 



Sars, G. 0., cited, 468, 492. 



Sars, M., on shells in shell-beds of Nor- 

 way and present seas, 467, 468. 



Savoy, interglacial lignite of, 303. 



Saxicava norvegica, 334 ; S. rugosa, 466. 



Saxony, glacial phenomena of, 198 ; 

 broken rocks under till of, 201 ; drift- 

 deposits, succession of, in, 282. 



Scania, kitchen-middens on coasts of, 369 ; 

 submarine peat of, 473. 



Scandinavia, mer de glace of, confluent 

 with Scottish ice-sheet, 188 ; ice-sheet 

 of, invades Eastern England, 192 ; 

 glacial phenomena of, 194 ; interglacial 

 beds of, 270 ; late glacial deposits of, 

 270 ; condition of, in late glacial times, 

 355 ; postglacial and recent deposits 

 of, 464 ; condition of, in postglacial 

 times, 500. 



