40 
of gun-shot. Its powers of song are not remarkable, and are certainly inferior to those of Turdus 
grayi?” 
Adult male. General colour above black, including the wings and tail; crown of head, паре, 
and sides of face black, separated from the back by a distinct collar of deep chestnut; sides of 
neck, lower throat, fore-neck, chest, and upper breast also deep chestnut ; chin white; throat black; 
under surface of body from the lower breast downwards also black, as well as the sides of the body, 
thighs, and under tail-coverts, the latter with mesial streaks of white ; axillaries and under wing- 
_ coverts sooty-black; quills blackish below, ashy along the inner webs: “ bill yellow; feet brown; 
iris brown” (0. Salvin). Total length 9 inches, culmen 0:8, wing 5:15, tail 37, tarsus 1:2. 
Adult female. Differs from the male in being ashy-brown instead of black; lesser and median 
wing-coverts like the back; greater coverts, bastard-wing, primary-coverts, quills, and tail-feathers 
brown, externally edged with ashy-brown; crown of head a little darker brown than the back and 
not so ashy, with dusky centres to the feathers ; the sides of the neck and hind-neck light orange- 
rufous ; sides of face dusky ashy-brown like the crown ; cheeks and throat ashy-whitish, greyer on 
the latter, the cheeks tinged with orange and separated from the throat by a malar line of dusky 
blackish spots, the throat being also slightly streaked with blackish; fore-neck, chest, and upper 
breast light orange-rufous; the lower breast, abdomen, and flanks light ashy-grey, as also the thighs ; 
under tail-coverts ashy, with broad longitudinal white centres; under wing-coverts and axillaries 
ashy-brown, slightly washed with orange. Total length 8:5 inches, culmen 0:85, wing 4-85, tail 3:25, 
tarsus 1:2. 
Young male. Apparently at first sight resembles the old female, but is rather darker ashy- 
brown, and has blackish bases to the feathers ; hind-neck, lower throat, and breast orange-chestnut ; 
abdomen ashy-brown, mottled with blackish bases to the feathers; chin white; throat ashy, 
streaked with black. 
The male appears to take at least two seasons before it assumes the full plumage of the adult, 
with the black throat and abdomen. The rufous collar, never very pronounced in the adult female, 
becomes abraded during the nesting-season. 
There appears also to be a winter plumage, as many adult males have the black of the head, 
upper parts, and abdomen obscured by ashy-rufous margins to the feathers. 
The adult male and female described are from Dueñas, in the Salvin-Godman and Seebohm 
Collections. The young male described is a Guatemalan skin in the Seebohm Collection. The pair 
of adult birds figured are the same as those described. (Е. В. S.] 
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