MERULA CEL/ENOPS (Stejneger). 
SEVEN-ISLANDS OUZEL. 
Turdus celænops, Stejneger, Science, x. p. 108 (1887); id. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, p. 484. 
Merula celænops, Seebohm, Ibis, 1890, p. 98; id. B. Japan. Empire, p. 50 (1890). 
M. rostro et pedibus fuscis, mandibula flava: axillaribus griseis: corporis lateribus aurantiaco-castancis : pileo 
et gutture nigris: појео reliquo rufescenti-brunneo. Femina pileo et regione parotica brunneis, dorso 
concoloribus, gutture albicanti-brunneo distinguenda. 
Imıs species bears considerable resemblance to Merula chrysolaus of Japan, and to M. proto- 
momelana of the Burmese countries; but it is distinguished from the former by its black head 
and throat, and from the latter by having the axillaries grey instead of orange-rufous like the 
sides of the body. 
The species appears to be confined to the Seven Islands, the first examples having been 
described by Dr. Stejneger from the island of Miyake-shima. These islands are situated about 
fifty miles from the main islands of Japan, and about a hundred miles south of Yokohama. 
The typical specimens are in the Smithsonian Institution. 
Mr. Holst, who visited the Japanese Islands for Mr. Seebohm, obtained specimens on 
Fatsizio, an island about seventy miles further to the southward, and examples of both sexes 
are in Ше Seebohm Collection. Holst says that it was called * Okawara " by the natives and was 
found in the bushes about the houses, females being scarcer than males. 
Eggs of the present species, of which Mr. Namiye sent sketches to Dr. Stejneger, are said by 
the latter to show a greater resemblance to the eggs of M. cardis, as far as colour is concerned, 
than to those of the more closely related M. chrysolaus; but the shape is somewhat different, 
apparently agreeing better with those of the latter species. 
Adult male. General colour above dark ochreous-brown, slightly more rufescent on the 
lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts; wing-coverts like the back; bastard-wing, primary- 
coverts, and quills blackish, edged with slaty-grey, the inner secondaries externally like the back ; 
lail-feathers blackish, with hoary-whitish fringes at the ends; crown of head and hind-neck, 
sides of face, throat, and fore-neck black; chin white; throat also slightly tinged with white; 
remainder of under surface from the fore-neck downwards bright. orange-chestnut ; centre of 
abdomen white; thighs blackish; under tail-coverts blackish, tinged with rufous and broadly 
centred with white; axillaries slaty-grey, tipped with white; under wing-coverts dusky slate-colour, 
with narrow hoary-grey margins; quills dusky below, rather more ashy on the inner webs: 
“upper mandible dusky greyish-black, the edges of the basal half, as well as the lower mandible, 
light yellow, except the end half, which is somewhat dusky ; feet brownish grey, yellowish behind 
and on the heel-joint; iris dark brown; eyelid bright yellow" (P. A. Holst). Total length 
9:3 inches, culmen 0:95, wing 0:75, tail 5:2, tarsus 1:3. 
Adult female. Differs from the male in wanting the black head and throat. General colour 
above dusky ochraceous-brown, the head like the back; lores dusky blackish; sides of face 
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