163 
A single specimen was obtained by Von Schrenk in an oak-forest at Aua, in the Ussuri country, 
21st of August, and Przewalski includes the species in his list of Ussuri birds, but 
on the 2 
Taczanowski, in the above-mentioned work, suggests that M. hortulorum may have been mistaken 
for M. chrysolaus. 
The present species visits Southern China, Formosa, and Hainan in winter; and Mr. Styan 
writes (Ibis, 1891, p. 882) :—“ The birds of this вресісв which winter in South China cross from 
of Fokien and Chekiang to breed in Japan, some, according to David, 
travelling as far as the Amoor. Swinhoe gives its range in China from ‘Hainan to Pekin,’ in 
which case some individuals must surely pass through the Yangtse Valley on migration. I have, 
however, nevcr met with them, and insert the species in the doubtful list." 
In Formosa Swinhoe observed many of the present species between February and Apri, 
As, however, he occasionally observed them in pairs, 
the mountainous provinces 
but believed them all to be on migration. | 
he suggested that they might breed on the island (Ibis, 1863, p. 276). Не found a small party 
of these Thrushes on the 6th of March, in a wood on the Chinlan River, N.E. Hainan (Ibis, 
1870, p. 248). 
Besides the islands of Formosa and Hainan it also visits the island of Luzon in the Philippines. 
Here Whitehead met with the species between the 17th of December and the 24th of January 
on the summit of Mount Data, in the highlands of Lepanto in North Luzon, and he obtained 
several specimens ; it was mingled with the flocks of Merula obscura. 
Few notes on the habits of this Ouzel have been published, but it seems to be similar to a Redwing 
in its ways and is said to have a sweet song. 
According to Seebohm, the nest is made of much coarser materials than that of Merula cardis, 
and is composed of twigs bound together with long fibres of grass. It is placed in bushes. Eggs 
of this species in the Pryer collection resemble finely streaked examples of those of the Blackbird. 
Jouy says that (һе nests found by him on Fuji-yama were similar to those of M. cardis, but 
composed of coarser material, and instead of being covered with moss, they were bound together 
with long fibres of grass. One nest had a piece of straw-rope and a bit of old blue cotton cloth 
in it, such as is used by the natives in making sandals or “ warajies." 
'The eggs are described by Jouy as * pale bluish, blotched and speckled all over with brown 
and lilaceous ; they average slightly smaller than M. cardis, being about 27 mm. by 20 mm." 
Adult male. General colour above russet olive-brown, the wing-coverts like the back; 
bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills light sepia-brown, externally ashy-brown, the inner 
secondaries externally russet-brown like the back; tail-feathers ashy-brown, washed on the edges 
with olive-brown, the outer feather edged with white along the tip of the inner web; crown of head 
а little greyer than the back; the lores, sides of face, ear-coverts, and throat blackish, shading 
off behind the ear-coverts into the brown colour of the sides of the neck, the lower throat be 
also browner and shading off into the orange-chestnut of the fore-neck and chest; the sides of the 
body also bright orange-chestnut; centre of breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts pure white, 
the latter with rusty-brown edges to the feathers; axillaries and under wing-coverts pale ashy-grey, 
with a faint whitish edging, the coverts near the edge of the wing slightly tinged with rufous: 
“pill dusky brown, the lower mandible yellow; eyelid yellow; feet brighter yellow " ( Holst). Total 
length 9:5 inches, culmen 0:9, wing 5:15, tail 3-3, tarsus 1:2. 
Adult female. Differs from the male in having the head russet olive-brown like the rest of 
he ear-coverts being dusky 
the throat 18 white, 
side of the throat; 
ing 
the upper parts; there is no black on the sides of the face and throat, t 
brown, the lores also dusky blackish, with a line of cinnamon-buff above ; 
distinctly streaked with dusky brown and showing a broader malar streak on each 
