MERULA PALLIDA (Gm). 
PALE OUZEL. 
Pale Thrush, Lath. Gen. Syn. pt. i. p. 32 (1783). 
Turdus pallidus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 815 (1788); Gould, B. Eur. ii. pl. 80 (1837); David 
& Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 151 (1877); Таса. Faune Orn. Sibir. Orient. p. 309 (1891). 
Turdus daulias, Temm. Pl. Col. ii. pl. 515 (1831); id. & Schl. Faun. Japon., Aves, p. 62, 
pl. xxvi. (1847). 
Turdus advena, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, pp. 56, 358. 
Merula pallida, Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. v. p. 274 (1881); id. B. Japan. Emp. p. 47 
(1890). 
М. rostro nigro, mandibulá flava: hypochondriis pallid® brunneis, minime rufis, haud maculatis: rectricibus albo 
terminatis: gutture albo: pileo, facie laterali et gutture schistaceo-cinereis: genis anticis et mento albis. 
M. panza is a species of Eastern Siberia which migrates through Corea and Japan to China and 
Formosa in winter. It is easily distinguished at all ages by the white tips to the tail-feathers. 
This Ouzel breeds in the Ussuri country and in Manchuria. Godlewski states that he found 
it from the mouth of the Ussuri River, where Von Schrenk also met with it, to the coast of the 
Sea of Japan, and Janskowski observed the species оп the island of Askold. During migration it 
is common enough, especially on the coasts above mentioned, arriving in the early part of May, 
and remaining to nest in small numbers in the thickest forests. It is very wary, but has an 
agreeable song, which it utters from the top of a tree or from some side branch. In the Seebohm 
Collection there is a good series of specimens procured by the brothers Dórries near the mouth 
of the Amur. Тһе British Museum has also a pair of nestling birds procured in Southern 
Manchuria by Mr. James, which fact proves that the species breeds there; and in the basin of 
Lake Khanka, Przewalski observed its first appearance in the middle of April (17-24). In Corea 
it is found, according to Kalinowski, during the seasons of migration (cf. Taczanowski, Faun. Orn. 
Sibir. Orient. p. 911). 
In Yezo, Whitely found the species rare and obtained only one specimen (Ibis, 1867, p. 199). 
Blakiston appears to have seen an example in the Hakodate Museum, and Dr. Stejneger records 
two specimens obtained by Mr. Henson at that place in November (Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xv. p. 816). 
The British Museum possesses a specimen from Hakodate received from the late Lieut. Bergman. 
Blakiston and Pryer state that it was not uncommon in the bamboo-thickets near Yokohama 
(Tr. A. S. Japan, 1882, p. 164), and the last-named naturalist sent several examples from this 
locality to Mr. Seebohm (B. Japan. Emp. p. 47). In Hondo, says Dr. Stejneger (2. c.), “this 
Ouzel occurs more frequently, as well as in Kiusiu, and in the Liukiu Islands, though it is by no 
means a common bird.” In the latter group Mr. Ouston has procured specimens at Ishigaki 
in February (Bangs, Bull. Mus. С. 2. Harvard, xxxvi. p. 264). Holst met with the species at 
Kagoshima in the Twin Islands. 
In China the Pale Ouzel seems to occur only as a migrant, aud to be a more or less plentiful 
