140 
On the continent of Europe the Mistle-Thrush is well-known as a migrant, and nests in most 
countries, but only in certain suitable localities in many of them, especially in Southern Europe. 
It reaches beyond the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia, as Mr. Godman found it breeding near Bodó in 
1857. Professor Collett says :—“ It is chiefly found in the south-eastern part of Norway, where it 
generally winters and also breeds. It becomes rare in the province of Christiania, at Nedernes, 
near Nes, and Aaseral, and is not known with certainty to occur in the province of Bergen. 
Above Mjesen it is rarer, but breeds in Gulbrandsdal, at Lillehammer, and has been observed at 
Trondhjem, in the Voerdel. А single individual was observed at Alten, below 70°, in August 1838, by 
Prof. Sundevall " (Dresser, B. Eur. ii. p. 5). In Sweden, Sundevall says that it is found throughout 
ihe country, but is nowhere common : it breeds even in Skáne (Svenska Fogl. p. 49). Dr. Pleske, 
he Fauna of the Kola Peninsula, says that it is confined to the southern portion of 
in his work on t 
erior up to 67^, but Pleske himself did not 
that country. Middendorff found it common in the int 
meet with it there. Von Wright observed it in Torne&-Lappmark, and Palmén found it nesting 
in various places in the forest-region. Grape has noticed the species still further to the north, viz. in 
Enontekis. Eggs of the species taken in Lapland are in the Museum at Helsingfors, according to 
Palmén (Pleske, Syst. Uebers. Sáug. u. Vóg. Kola-Halbinsel, p. 32). Wolley states that the Mistle- 
Thrush is by no means common in Lapland, but nests and eggs were brought to him from lat. 68” on 
the frontiers of Sweden and Finland (Newton, ed. Yarr. Brit. В. і. р. 262). It is a tolerably common 
visitor to Archangel in summer (Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, p. 376), but it was not met with on the 
Petchora by Seebohm and Harvie-Brown. We have no account of its range in Russia, though we 
know from Bianchi that it nests in the Novgorod district, but is rarer than the three other Thrushes 
found there (Biol. Not. Uschaki Vóg. p. 12). It has been known to nest near Sarepta (Seebohm, 
Ibis, 1882, p. 214), and it breeds also іп the forests of the Caucasus. In Turkestan, according to 
Severtzoff, it breeds in the north-eastern district—Semiratchje, Issik-Kul, the Upper Nasin, Acksay, 
Kopal, and Vernoe, occurring in these parts also on passage; and in the other districts of 
Turkestan it breeds and also winters (Dresser, Ibis, 1875, p. 334). According to Dr. Pleske, 
Russow found the Mistle-Thrush breeding in J une at Urjukle-Tau, in the district of Saamin 
in Turkestan (Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersb. (7) xxxvi. no. 3, p. 36). During the expedition 
to Western Siberia in 1876, by Dr. Otto Finsch and his companions, a specimen was obtained 
by the late Dr. Brehm at Dschasil-Kul in the Zungarian Ala-Tau, at an elevation of 5000 feet, 
on the 14th of May. Dr. Finsch says further that he himself observed the Mistle-Thrush on 
the 10th of June on the Tau-Teké Mountains of the Chinese high Altai, and thinks that some 
young birds seen in the woods of Salair on the 29th of June probably belonged to the present 
species (Verh. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien, xxix. p. 182). Przewalski found it breeding only сп 
the Tian-shan Mountains (Pleske, Wiss. Result. Przew. Central-Asien Reise, ii. p. 1), and the brothers 
Grum-Grzimailo also met with it on the Tian-shan at Dsjan-dsjun-gol and Bogdo-ola (Pleske, МА. 
Biol. xiii. p. 292). It is not known to breed further eastward, though a few individuals were seen, 
and one secured in May, at Koultouk, at the south of Lake Baikal, by Dybowski and Godlewski 
(Tacz. Faune Orn. Sibir. Orient. i. p. 286). 
In the Himalayas the species nests from Gilgit to Nepal. Dr. Scully states that in the former 
locality it occurs above 9000 feet and nests (Ibis, 1881, p. 489) ; but Colonel Biddulph regards it 
rather as a winter visitor, coming from the higher valleys in severe weather. He found it 
breeding at 10,000 feet (Ibis, 1881, p. 207). Colonel C. H. T. Marshall has also noticed it nesting 
in Chamba, in the Kulatope forests (Ibis, 1884, p. 414). 
Тһе Mistle-Thrush winters in Southern Afghanistan and Kelat, being common in winter on the 
higher hills, according to the late Sir Oliver St. John: it is an occasional straggler to Quetta, but is 
not seen about Kandahar (Ibis, 1889, p. 162). It is also a winter visitor to Persia. 
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