TURDUS BICKNELLI (Ridgway). 
BICKNELL'S GREY-CHEEKED THRUSH. 
Hylocichla alicie (nec Baird), Merriam, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi. p. 226 (1881). 
Hylocichla alicia bicknelli, Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. p. 377 (1882). 
Turdus alicie bicknelli, Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii. p. 12 (1888); Coues, Key N. 
Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 248 (1884); A. O, U. Check-list N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 317 (1895); 
Ridgw. Man. N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 575 (1896). 
— н 
T. similis T. alicie, sed minor et rostro graciliore distinguendus. 
iare m ot тұл n ane penat 
Tuis race of the Grey-cheeked Thrush, which Seebohm, as is shown by the label on the specimen 
in his collection, was not inclined to separate from 7. aliciw, constitutes a small eastern race of the 
last-named species, and is, in my opinion also, scarcely worth separating from it. I keep it distinct 
in deference to the opinion of my American colleagues, who allow it to stand in the last edition of 
the * Check-list” as a race of T. alicia. The characters given by Mr. Ridgway in the latest edition 
of his ‘Manual’ (р. 575) cannot be said to amount to much, and it would seem to me more probable 
that T. bicknelli is nothing but a small race of 7. alicia. 
The differences given by Mr. Ridgway for the separation of the two races are simply those of 
size, and it will be seen that, even from his own figures, they overlap, the dimensions of 7. alicia 
being stated to be as follows :—Length 7-7:75 inches, wing 3:75-4:4, tail 2:9—3:4, culmen 0:45-0:58, 
tarsus 1:12-1:30; whereas in T. bicknelli the length is 6:25-7:25, wing 3:4-3:8, tail 2:6-2:7, culmen 
0:50-0:52, tarsus 1:1-1:25. 
The distribution of Bicknell's Thrush, so far as is known at present, is given by Mr. Ridgway 
as follows :—“ In summer, higher mountains of north-eastern United States (Catskills, White 
Mountains, &c.) and Nova Scotia; Illinois (autumn); winter-quarters unknown.” 
T. bicknelli was described by Mr. Ridgway from the Slide Mountains in Ulster Co., New York 
(Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. p. 377), where, Mr. Bicknell states, it is found up to 4200 feet (Bull. 
Nutt. Orn. Club, vii. p. 152), and it breeds on Ше Catskill Mountains (Ridgway, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 
Club, vii. p. 257). In the Seebohm Collection is a specimen procured by Dr. C. Hart Merriam at 
Locust Grove, New York, on the 24th of May, 1878 (cf. Merriam, Auk, i. p. 58). Mr. Dutcher 
has met with it on Long Island, on the 1st of October, on migration (Auk, iii. p. 448). 
In Massachusetts, Mr. Brewster found Bicknell's Thrush on Mount Washington at from 
5000-3800 feet, in July (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii. p. 12, 1883), апа Mr. Faxon records it as a 
summer resident in Berkshire Co., Mass. (Auk, xii. p. 392). Specimens from Grantville (May) and 
the Wellesley Hills (October) are in the Henshaw Collection. In New Hampshire, Dr. Chadbourne 
has recorded the breeding of Bicknell’s Thrush on the White Mountains at an elevation of from 
3000 to 4340 feet (Auk, iv. p. 107), and Messrs. Faxon and Allen state that it was common on 
Mount Lafayette, in the same district, from June to August (Auk, v. p. 153). It also breeds in 
Vermont, according to Mr. Torrey (Auk, vi. p. 194). Off Nova Scotia, on Mud and Seal Islands, 
Mr. Langille found it nesting (Auk, i. p. 268). 
