220 «КІ 
the series collected by the authors themselves in Guatemala, То all appearances, therefore, the dark ЕЗ 
med to any one to be intermediate between the olive birds (7. tristis) N 
brown specimens would have see 
chen), and hence the conclusions of Messrs. Salvin and Godman and 
and the slaty-grey birds (7. leucau 
Mr. Seebohm. | | 
Тһе fine series of skins of both forms now in the Salvin-Godman Collection, accompanied by 
every detail of sex, locality, altitude, and date, have, I trust, enabled me to solve this knotty question, 
so that I am now able to affirm that 7. tristis and 7. leucauchen are in reality two distinct species, 
liable only to be confounded in their winter-plumages, for, in the breeding-plumage, 7. leucauchen 
is easily recognizable. 
T. tristis is confined to Mexico, and is distinguished by its olive-brown head and back; the 
rump is a little clearer olive than the back, and the tail is also olive; the bill is never yellow, but 
blackish or horn-brown ; the quill-lining is pale buff. T. leucauchen, on the other hand, is slaty-grey 
above in summer and has a yellow bill. In winter the bill is blackish or horn-brown, but at this 
season the birds can always be recognized from 7. fristis by their black tails ; the quill-lining is ashy- 
whitish, not buff. It replaces the last-named bird in Central America from Chiapas to Panama. 
By the addition of the localities of the specimens now in the Salvin-Godman Collection to 
those already given in the “Biologia” and in recent publications, the range of Turdus tristis |н 
so far as is at present known :—Culebra, Sinaloa, Sonora, June 5, 1888 ||| ні 
| 
appears to be as follows, 
(W. Lloyd: mus. S.-G.); Tepic, May 23-31, 1889 (W. B. Richardson: mus. S.-G.) ; Sierra Madre | mi 
| 
de Теріс (6000 ft.) June 23 (W. B. Richardson: mus. S.-G.); Beltran, Jalisco, April 30, 1889 
(W. Lloyd: mus. $.-G.); Hacienda San Marcos, Zapotlan, May 9, 1889 (W. Lloyd: mus. 8-6); | 
Тота, Zapotlan, June 14, 1889 (ЈУ. Lloyd: mus. S.-G.) ; Sierra Nevada de Colima, Dec. 14, 1889 | ET! 
(W. B. Richardson: mus. S.-G.); Volcan de Colima, Dec. 29, 1889 (W. B. В.: mus. 8.-G.); 1 | ili 
| Omilteme, Guerrero (8000 feet), July 1888 (Mrs. Р. W. Smith: mus. S.-G.); Amula, Guerrero "T 
|| S (6000 feet), August (D. W. Smith: mus. S.-G.); Guadalajara (Jouy, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xvi. Іші 
| p. 774); Valley of Mexico, near the city of Mexico (6. Н. White: Sclater, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 172); | 
Tetelco (Xochimilco), Jan. 18, 1888 (T. Ferrari-Perez : mus. S.-G.) ; Puente nacional (Реавв: 8. & G. | үм 
Biol. р. 18); S. Bartolo, Puebla, Мау 15 (F. Ferrari-Perez: mus. S.-G.) ; Temascaltepec (Bullock : éd 
Swainson, 7. c.); Jalapa (De Оса; Sallé: Scl. P. Z. 8. 1857, p. 202; Ferrari-Perez, Proc. US. те 
Nat. Mus. ix. р. 131); Jalapa, Мау, July, 1888 (2. D. Godman: mus. 8.-6.); Coatepec, Jalapa, | нің 
Nov. 1889 (M. Trujillo: mus. S.-G.); El Patio, Jalapa, June 1888 (M. Trujillo: mus. S.-G.); | | је 
Vigia (Sallé: Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 202); Juquila and Totalcingo (Boucard: Scl. Р. 7. 8. 1859, po 
p. 370); Orizaba (Botteri: mus. P. L. Sclater) ; Orizaba, April 1888 (Ғ. D. Godman); forests of 
Muero, Potrero, Cordova, and Orizaba (F. Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 548); Juchatengo, lis 
Oaxaca, April 1889 (M. Trujillo: mus. S.-G.). Пк 
Not many notes have been published on the habits of the present species. Jouy states that he Я 
found it common on the Barranca Ibarra, near Guadalajara, Central Mexico. The only note heard 4 
was a single sharp chirp or alarm-note (Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 774). e m 
Sumichrast (Mem. Bost. Soc. i. p. 543) writes :—“ Judging from the large number of localities È : 
in which this species is found in the State of Vera Cruz, it must have a very extended area of іш 
distribution, —restricted, however, in the hot and temperate regions to ап altitude of 1300 metres,— | | 
for I have procured specimens on the Gulf coast, іп the forests of Muero, at Potrero, near Cordova < 
(590 metres) at Orizaba (1220 metres) «с. Although a sedentary bird, it is not always (0 be hi 
tound in the same localities, but changes its residence frequently, influenced by the ripening 1 
berries upon which it feeds." 
Mr. F. M. Chapman says that this was the most abundant species observed at Jalapa and 
Las Vigas. “Its calls,” he says, “resemble those of the Robin (M. migratoria), but are apparently 1% | 
| SN 
