TURDUS MIGRATORIUS, Linn. 
RED-BREASTED THRUSH, or AMERICAN ROBIN. 
Fieldfare of Carolina, Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i. pl. xxix. (1731). 
La Grive de Canada, Briss. Orn. іі. p. 225 (1760). 
Turdus migratorius, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 292 (1766); Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. v. p. 220 
(1881). 
La Litorne de Canada, Montb. Hist. Nat. Ois. iii. p. 307 (1775). 
Turdus canadensis, P. L. S. Müll. Syst. Nat. Suppl. p. 140 (1776). 
Red-breasted Thrush, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 26 (1783). 
Merula migratoria, Swains. Faun. Bor.-Amer., Birds, p. 176 (1831). 
Turdus (Planesticus) migratorius, Baird, Cassin, & Lawr. B. N. Amer. p. 218 (1858). 
Planesticus migratorius, Coues, Ibis, 1865, p. 163. 
Turdus migratorius, var. migratorius, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgw. N. Amer. B. i. p. 25 (1874). 
T. gutture nigro striolato: gastreo reliquo leté castaneo vel saturaté cinnamomeo-rufo : pedibus brunneis, 
minimé flavis: pileo nigro; macula supralorali alba: caudá nigrä, rectricibus externis albo apicatis. 
THE ReD-BREASTED THRUSH, or American “ Robin," as it is most frequently called, is a very widely 
distributed species in North America, Mr. Ridgway gives its range as “ Eastern and northern 
North America, breeding south to about 35” (farther in the Alleghanies), north to Alaska 
(Yukon district) and Hudson's Bay, west to Great Plains; occasional in Eastern Mexico ” (Man. 
N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 577). 
“ During the summer of 1885,” writes Mr. Charles Townsend, “I found the Eastern form of the 
Robin and the Varied Thrush associating among the dwarf pines of the Kowak River region in 
Northern Alaska" (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 231). Mr. І. M. Turner says that the Robin was 
quite common and breeding near Fort Yukon, where it arrives during the latter twenty days of May, 
and remains until the sharp frosts of September. He did not obtain any specimens from other 
parts of the Yukon district (Contr. Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 183). 
The following excellent account of the species in Alaska is given by Mr. E. W. Nelson (Nat. 
Hist. Coll. Alaska, р. 218):—“ Throughout the entire wooded portion of the Territory this bird is 
found more or less numerously during summer, and along the treeless coast of Bering Sea and 
Kotzebue Sound it appears merely as a straggler in the migrations. Along the Yukon and other 
rivers of the Territory it is numerous as low down their course as the spruce-forests extend, and 
thence, towards the mouths, becomes more and more uncommon. A single specimen was found,. 
storm-bound, on the Seal Islands by Elliott, and the natives informed him that it usually occurred 
annually in this manner. 11 reaches the Yukon, in the vicinity of the Arctic Circle, about May 15, 
and nests as far north as Ше tree-limit extends, in about 69^ N, It arrives at Fort Reliance, on the 
Upper Yukon, May 5, and my earliest record at St. Michaels is the 18th of the same month, 
Hartlaub records it at Portage Bay on April 30, and again in large flocks at the end of August. 
During the first half of September it commences its southern migration, but is found close under 
the Arctic Circle as late as the 1st of November. Хо appropriate localities for nesting-sites are 
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