TURDUS LIBONYANUS, Smith. 
KURRICHAINE THRUSH. 
Merula libonyana, Smith, Rep. Exped. S. Afr., App. p. 45 (1836). 
Turdus libonyanus, Smith, ПІ. Zool. S. Afr., Aves, pl. xxxviii. (1839) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. 
Mus. v. p. 229 (1881). 
Peliocichla libonyana, Cab. J. f. O. 1882, p. 319. 
T. gutture nigro, obsoleté striolato: strigá malari nigrá distincta : pedibus flavis : noteeo concolore, pallidé schistaceo : 
hypochondriis claré aurantiacis : tibiis quoque aurantiacis : preepectore et pectore summo schistascentibus. 
Tuts species was discovered by Sir Andrew Smith near Kurrichaine. It has been also met with 
near Eschowe, in Zululand, by Messrs. R. B. and J. D. S. Woodward (Sharpe, Ibis, 1897, p. 502). 
There are also several specimens in the British Museum procured by Mr. T. Ayres in the Eastern 
Transvaal and he has sent examples from Rustenburg, where he says that it is the commonest 
Thrush in the Magaliesbergen (Ibis, 1879, р. 389; 1882, p. 250). Dr. Exton also met with the species 
at Kanye (lat. 24° 50” S., long. 25° 40' E.) in Matabeleland (Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 199). 
I refer specimens in the British Museum to the true T. libonyanus from the following 
localities :—Kurrichaine, Eschowe, Swaziland, July 24 (T. E. Buckley); Rustenburg, E. Transvaal 
(T. Ayres). 
Jameson procured à specimen on the Umvuli River, and Mr. T. Ayres, who accompanied his 
expedition, says that occasionally a pair is to be found here and there about the country of the 
Mashonas (Ibis, 1882, p. 250). 
Adult male. General colour above light ashy-grey with a slight tinge of olive, the head scarcely 
more dusky than the back; wing-coverts like the back ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 
light brown, externally ashy-grey like the back, the primaries with hoary-grey margins, and the 
secondaries with pale fringes to the ends ; centre tail-feathers grey like the back, the others sepia- 
brown, externally grey ; lores and sides of face ashy-grey, the ear-coverts with whitish shaft-lines ; 
feathers above and below the eye white; cheeks white, streaked with black; the malar line and sides 
of the throat broadly streaked with rows of black spots; the centre of the throat pure white; lower 
throat and fore-neck pale ashy, as well as the sides of the neck, the chest faintly washed with orange; 
breast and abdomen white ; sides of body, flanks, and thighs light orange ; axillaries and under wing- 
coverts also light orange, scarcely deeper in tint than the sides of the body; quills dusky below, 
pale orange-buff on the inner webs: “bill bright orange; tarsi and feet pale chrome-yellow ; iris 
dusky umber; eyelids bright orange ” (T. Ayres). Total length 8:8 inches, culmen 0:85, wing 4:6, 
tail 36, tarsus 1-9, 
Adult female. Similar to the male in colour, but browner on the chest and fore-neck, these parts 
8 purer ashy-grey. "Total length 8:5 inches, culmen 0:9, wing 4^5, tail 9:6, tarsus 1:2. 
There is not much difference between the summer and winter plumages of this Thrush, 
excepting that the colours are much 
very pale ashy on the fore 
bein 
purer in the breeding-plumage, and the old males seem to get 
-neck and chest, the females being always browner on these parts of the 
