166 Scientific Intelligence. 



among the glacier-formed " there appear to be at least six sets 

 of conditions or processes each of which may produce glaciated 

 hanging valleys without necessitating a conspicuously great 

 measure of differential ice erosion." Illustrations confirmatory 

 of these conclusions are cited from Stein mountain in south- 

 eastern Oregon and from the Sierras. 



The discussions of this paper may be considered as an amplifi- 

 cation of one phase of the general problem presented in Fairchild's 

 paper, and tending likewise to diminish the conception of the 

 total magnitude of ice erosion. j. b. 



17. Glaciation of the Green Mountains ; by C. H. Hitchcock, 

 LL.D.,pp. 21. Montpelier, Vt. (Argus and Patriot Press, 1904.) — 

 After a review of the literature and an examination of the data 

 in regard to all the higher summits of New England and New 

 York, Dr. Hitchcock concludes that all, including Mt. Katahdin, 

 Mt. Washington and Mt. Marcy, were completely buried beneath 

 the continental ice and that any nunataks must be sought for 

 among the Catskills or some other highland comparatively near 

 the ice-border just as they are in Greenland to-day. j. b. 



18. Ice or Water; by Sir Henry H. Ho worth. In three 

 volumes. London, 1905 (Longmans, Green <fc Co.). — This volu- 

 minous work, each volume consisting of some five hundred pages, 

 is by the author of a previous work of the same character entitled 

 " The Glacial Nightmare and the Flood." He calls the present 

 volumes " Another appeal to induction from the scholastic meth- 

 ods of modern geology," and reiterates and amplifies the views 

 current in regard to the origin of the " drift or diluvium " pre- 

 vious to 1840. 



For geologists there is no need of a review of this work as the titles 

 of this and the previous one are sufficiently explanatory, but as the 

 former has met with some little acceptance among those interested 

 in geology but not specialists in the science, as is witnessed in a 

 recent work by the Rev. N. Hutchinson, and as this is doubtless 

 intended for the same class of readers, it may be well to say that 

 the conclusions drawn in these volumes are essentially those held 

 previous to 1840, thoroughly threshed out during the next twenty 

 years and as thoroughly abandoned by all active geologists for 

 the past thirty. A considerable part of the argument turns upon 

 the idea that since the causes of the ice age are but poorly under- 

 stood and there is as yet no unanimity of opinion upon that sub- 

 ject, therefore it is bad logic to believe in the existence of an age 

 of ice at all. 



The author has, however, read up glacial literature with con- 

 siderable thoroughness, and he destroys to his satisfaction every 

 theory of the glacialists including those which are founded upon 

 the best accepted facts as well as those proposed upon insufficient 

 knowledge and which have been already left by the wayside by 

 all prominent glacialists themselves. In reading these volumes 

 one is reminded of a criticism of Brogger dealing with a similar 

 reversion to an earlier period of thought " Der menschliche Geist 



