3U 



J. F. Kemp — Buried Channels Beneath 



wash-boring reached 50 feet below tide, and of the three core 

 borings, the deepest was minus 39. These comparatively 

 shallow depths, taken very near the Hudson itself, are inter- 

 esting parallels with the Moodna and Casper crossings, and are 

 indicative of hanging valleys of somewhat striking altitude, 

 and with apparently abrupt drops to the gorge of the Hudson. 

 Fislikill Creek. — Fishkill Creek enters the Hudson just 

 south of Fishkill Landing, an important town on the river 

 immediately opposite Newburg. Within two miles of its 

 mouth it cascades over the Hudson River slates and is obvi- 

 ously off the line of its Pliocene channel. A proposed line 

 for the aqueduct, but one which was afterwards abandoned, 

 crossed it just east of Fishkill village, a small settlement five 

 miles back from the river and not to be confounded with Fish- 

 kill Landing. The line crossed the creek in a direction a little 

 east of south and at a flat area of meadow land where the 

 stream was split into three parts. The profile is given in 

 fig. 9. The entire section is drift-covered, but the two core- 

 holes revealed the Wappinger limestone, as had been antici- 



Fig. 9. 



( s h k \ 



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Fig. 9. The Fishkill Brook Crossing. 



pated. The deepest channel was found at —40, but strangely 

 enough the drill after penetrating about 8 ft. of limestone 

 met fine yellow sand, in which it continued for over 60 ft. 

 until the hole was abandoned. This was interpreted as a 

 crevice in the limestone filled with decomposition products. 

 The conventional signs in fig. 9 are not intended to indicate 

 the dip of the limestone, but merely its presence. The dip is 

 unknown to the writer. A short distance to the southeast the 

 limestone gives place to the Archean, but directly south it 

 extends as a faulted block much farther into the Highlands. 



The. Fishkill crossing is much farther back from the Hudson 

 than the Wappinger, but its depth is only 10 ft. less. 



Sprout Brook. — In its passage of the Highlands the aque- 

 duct does not encounter any badly depressed area. Foundry 

 brook, east of Cold Spring, has occasioned some drilling but 

 has revealed no important physiographic data. Spring Brook is 

 on the southern side and, with Peekskill brook, flows into 



