﻿252 
  Clarke 
  and 
  Steiger 
  — 
  Experiments 
  with 
  Pectolite^ 
  etc. 
  

  

  was 
  formed, 
  which 
  could 
  be 
  leached 
  out 
  by 
  water 
  and 
  meas- 
  

   ured 
  ; 
  while 
  ammonia, 
  free 
  from 
  clilorine, 
  was 
  retained 
  bj 
  the 
  

   residue 
  to 
  a 
  notable 
  and 
  surprisingly 
  stable 
  degree. 
  The 
  ex- 
  

   periments 
  in 
  detail 
  were 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  A» 
  Analcite, 
  mixed 
  with 
  four 
  times 
  its 
  weight 
  of 
  ammonium 
  

   chloride, 
  was 
  heated 
  for 
  four 
  hours 
  to 
  350°. 
  There 
  was 
  a 
  

   gain 
  in 
  weight 
  of 
  2-18 
  per 
  cent, 
  and 
  6-10 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  soda, 
  or 
  

   one-half 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  amount, 
  was 
  converted 
  into 
  NaCl, 
  which 
  

   was 
  leached 
  out 
  by 
  water, 
  examined 
  as 
  to 
  its 
  purity, 
  and 
  

   weighed. 
  In 
  the 
  residue 
  1-20 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  silica 
  was 
  extract- 
  

   able 
  by 
  sodium 
  carbonate, 
  showing 
  that 
  no 
  more 
  splitting 
  off 
  

   had 
  occurred 
  than 
  was 
  previously 
  observed. 
  The 
  gain 
  in 
  

   weight, 
  as 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  from 
  subsequent 
  experiments, 
  is 
  due 
  

   to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  NH 
  Ol 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  driven 
  off: 
  or 
  

   else 
  that 
  more 
  water 
  was 
  retained. 
  

  

  B. 
  Analcite 
  was 
  ground 
  up 
  with 
  four 
  times 
  its 
  weight 
  of 
  NH^Cl, 
  

   heated 
  for 
  several 
  hours, 
  reground 
  with 
  another 
  four-fold 
  

   portion 
  of 
  chloride, 
  and 
  heated 
  to 
  350° 
  for 
  21 
  hours. 
  Gain 
  

   in 
  weight, 
  0'08 
  per 
  cent. 
  5*57 
  percent 
  of 
  soda 
  was 
  extracted 
  

   as 
  chloride. 
  

  

  C. 
  Analcite 
  heated 
  to 
  350° 
  for 
  8 
  hours, 
  with 
  four 
  times 
  its 
  

   weight 
  of 
  NH^Cl. 
  Loss 
  of 
  weight, 
  O'lO 
  per 
  cent. 
  

  

  D. 
  Six 
  grams 
  of 
  mineral 
  and 
  28 
  of 
  chloride, 
  mixed 
  by 
  thorough 
  

   grinding, 
  was 
  heated 
  to 
  350° 
  for 
  14 
  hours 
  ; 
  then 
  was 
  reground 
  

   with 
  28 
  grams 
  of 
  iresh 
  NH^Cl 
  and 
  heated 
  for 
  35 
  hours. 
  Loss 
  

   of 
  weight, 
  0*13 
  per 
  cent. 
  5*07 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  soda 
  was 
  extracted 
  

   as 
  chloride 
  ; 
  plus 
  0*14 
  of 
  ammonium 
  chloride 
  unexpelled. 
  

   2*03 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  silica 
  was 
  rendered 
  soluble 
  in 
  sodium 
  car- 
  

   bonate. 
  

  

  So 
  far, 
  three 
  facts 
  are 
  noticeable. 
  First, 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  

   mineral 
  after 
  treatment 
  is 
  almost 
  exactly 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  before 
  ; 
  

   showing 
  that 
  gains 
  and 
  losses 
  have 
  balanced 
  each 
  other. 
  

   Secondly, 
  little 
  silica 
  has 
  been 
  split 
  off. 
  Thirdly, 
  approxi- 
  

   mately, 
  but 
  not 
  rigorously, 
  one-half 
  of 
  the 
  soda 
  has 
  been 
  con- 
  

   verted 
  into 
  NaCl. 
  In 
  A, 
  it 
  was 
  exactly 
  half; 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  

   experiments, 
  a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  half. 
  Furthermore, 
  in 
  the 
  

   sodium 
  chloride 
  dissolved 
  out 
  there 
  is 
  only 
  a 
  very 
  little 
  am- 
  

   monium 
  chloride, 
  amounting 
  at 
  most 
  to 
  O'li 
  per 
  cent, 
  calcu- 
  

   lated 
  upon 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  mineral. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  residue 
  of 
  the 
  analcite 
  after 
  extraction 
  of 
  sodium 
  

   chloride, 
  abundant 
  ammonia 
  can 
  be 
  detected, 
  with 
  either 
  no 
  

   chlorine 
  or 
  at 
  most 
  a 
  doubtful 
  trace. 
  If, 
  however, 
  the 
  un- 
  

   leached 
  mineral, 
  still 
  retaining 
  its 
  sodium 
  chloride, 
  be 
  heated 
  

   strongly, 
  say 
  from 
  400° 
  up 
  to 
  redness, 
  NIl^Cl 
  is 
  regenerated 
  

   and 
  given 
  off. 
  Its 
  absence, 
  as 
  such, 
  both 
  from 
  the 
  leach 
  and 
  

   the 
  residue 
  was 
  repeatedly 
  proved. 
  The 
  ammonia 
  and 
  water 
  

   retained 
  by 
  the 
  analcite 
  after 
  heating 
  to 
  350° 
  with 
  ammonium 
  

  

  