﻿Penjield 
  and 
  Warren 
  — 
  Minerals 
  from 
  Franklin^ 
  N. 
  J. 
  349 
  

  

  The 
  water 
  (loss 
  on 
  ignition) 
  is 
  low, 
  owing 
  -undoubtedly 
  either 
  

   wholly 
  or 
  in 
  part 
  to 
  the 
  partial 
  oxidation 
  of 
  the 
  manganese 
  

   during 
  ignition. 
  It 
  is 
  also 
  possible 
  that 
  a 
  trace 
  of 
  fluorine 
  was 
  

   present, 
  since 
  the 
  amount 
  necessary 
  to 
  bring 
  the 
  ratio 
  of 
  

   (OH-f 
  Cl+F) 
  up 
  to 
  1 
  would 
  be 
  trifling 
  and 
  might 
  easily 
  be 
  

   overlooked. 
  In 
  connection 
  with 
  Lindstrom's 
  analysis 
  we 
  have 
  

   given 
  his 
  values 
  recalculated 
  to 
  100 
  per 
  cent, 
  after 
  substituting 
  

   an 
  equivalent 
  of 
  CaO 
  for 
  the 
  small 
  amounts 
  of 
  MnO 
  and 
  MgO, 
  

   an 
  equivalent 
  of 
  water 
  (hydroxy 
  1) 
  for 
  chlorine, 
  and 
  disregard- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  0*35 
  per 
  cent 
  designated 
  as 
  X. 
  The 
  theoretical 
  com- 
  

   position 
  corresponding 
  to 
  the 
  formula 
  Pb/Pb.OII)2Ca^(Si20^)3 
  is 
  

   also 
  given, 
  and, 
  except 
  for 
  the 
  water, 
  which 
  is 
  31 
  per 
  cent 
  

   low, 
  the 
  agreement 
  between 
  the 
  recalculated 
  analysis 
  and 
  the 
  

   theory 
  is 
  most 
  satisfactory. 
  

  

  Ganomalite 
  is 
  tetragonal, 
  and, 
  in 
  all 
  probability, 
  nasonite 
  

   crystallizes 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  system, 
  for, 
  as 
  already 
  stated, 
  the 
  latter 
  

   is 
  optically 
  uniaxial 
  and 
  breaks 
  out 
  into 
  rude 
  rectangular 
  

   blocks, 
  corresponding 
  to 
  the 
  form 
  produced 
  by 
  a 
  combination 
  

   of 
  the 
  prismatic 
  and 
  basal 
  cleavages. 
  The 
  cleavage 
  of 
  nason- 
  

   ite, 
  however, 
  should 
  be 
  designated 
  as 
  poor, 
  scarcely 
  distinct, 
  

   while 
  ganomalite 
  is 
  described 
  as 
  having 
  distinct 
  cleavages 
  par- 
  

   allel 
  to 
  the 
  prism 
  m 
  (110) 
  and 
  the 
  base. 
  Both 
  minerals 
  exhibit 
  

   strong 
  positive 
  birefringence. 
  The 
  specific 
  gravity 
  of 
  nasonite, 
  

   5-1:25, 
  is 
  less 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  ganomalite, 
  5*738, 
  which 
  would 
  be 
  

   expected, 
  for, 
  although 
  nasonite 
  contains 
  chlorine 
  which 
  is 
  

   heavier 
  than 
  hydroxyl, 
  ganomalite 
  contains 
  more 
  lead 
  and 
  

   hence 
  should 
  be 
  heavier. 
  The 
  percentages 
  of 
  lead 
  according 
  

   to 
  theory 
  are, 
  respectively, 
  nasonite 
  67'28 
  and 
  ganomalite 
  68*98. 
  

   Thus 
  in 
  their 
  physical 
  properties 
  nasonite 
  and 
  ganomalite 
  are 
  

   closely 
  analogous, 
  and 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  confidently 
  expected, 
  on 
  the 
  

   one 
  hand, 
  that 
  if 
  crystals 
  of 
  nasonite 
  are 
  discovered 
  they 
  will 
  

   be 
  tetragonal, 
  thus 
  conforming 
  to 
  ganomalite, 
  while, 
  on 
  the 
  

   other 
  hand, 
  ganomalite 
  will 
  be 
  found 
  to 
  contain 
  water 
  in 
  suf- 
  

   ficient 
  quantity 
  to 
  yield 
  with 
  the 
  chlorine 
  a 
  ratio 
  of 
  Si02: 
  

   (0II-fCl) 
  = 
  3 
  : 
  1. 
  The 
  two 
  minerals 
  furnish 
  an 
  excellent 
  

   example 
  of 
  the 
  isomorphous 
  relation 
  existing 
  between 
  chlorine 
  

   and 
  hydroxyl 
  in 
  complex 
  molecules, 
  nasonite 
  being 
  essentially 
  

   the 
  pure 
  chlorine 
  compound 
  but 
  containing 
  a 
  trace 
  of 
  hydroxyl 
  

   (water), 
  and 
  ganomalite 
  being 
  essentially 
  the 
  pure 
  hydroxyl 
  

   compound 
  but 
  containing 
  a 
  trace 
  of 
  chlorine. 
  Both 
  minerals 
  

   contain 
  a 
  little 
  manganese 
  isomorphous 
  with 
  the 
  calcium. 
  

  

  The 
  acid, 
  HgSi20„ 
  of 
  which 
  nasonite 
  and 
  ganomalite 
  are 
  

   salts, 
  is 
  intermediate 
  between 
  orthosilicic 
  acid, 
  H^SiO^, 
  and 
  

   metasilicic 
  acid, 
  H^SiOg, 
  and 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  regarded 
  either 
  as 
  

   equivalent 
  to 
  their 
  algebraic 
  sum, 
  or 
  as 
  derived 
  from 
  two 
  mole- 
  

   cules 
  of 
  orthosilicic 
  acid 
  by 
  taking 
  away 
  one 
  molecule 
  of 
  water. 
  

   The 
  latter 
  relation 
  may 
  be 
  expressed 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  