﻿392 
  ScientifiG 
  Intelligence. 
  

  

  age 
  igneous 
  and 
  eruptive 
  crust-rock 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  that 
  in 
  

   sediments. 
  The 
  ratio, 
  as 
  obtained 
  by 
  Clarke, 
  is 
  3-61 
  : 
  2-83, 
  or 
  

   Na^O 
  : 
  K^O 
  = 
  1-29: 
  1. 
  From 
  rock 
  analyses 
  quoted 
  by 
  Rosen- 
  

   busch, 
  the 
  ratio 
  1*22 
  is 
  obtained. 
  For 
  sedimentary 
  rocks, 
  how- 
  

   ever, 
  the 
  ratio 
  (fromRosenbusch) 
  0*59 
  : 
  1 
  is 
  obtained. 
  The 
  author 
  

   discusses 
  the 
  bearing 
  of 
  these 
  facts 
  and 
  finally 
  concludes 
  that' 
  

   *' 
  whereas 
  the 
  sodium 
  compounds 
  tend 
  to 
  accumulate 
  in 
  the 
  

   waters 
  of 
  the 
  ocean, 
  the 
  potassium 
  compounds 
  tend 
  to 
  be 
  stored 
  

   in 
  the 
  solid 
  form 
  or 
  retained 
  upon 
  the 
  land 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  to 
  the 
  causes 
  

   which 
  bring 
  about 
  this 
  separation, 
  and 
  not 
  to 
  any 
  differences 
  in 
  

   part 
  processes 
  of 
  denudation, 
  the 
  remarkable 
  scarcity 
  in 
  the 
  ocean 
  

   of 
  potassium 
  relatively 
  to 
  sodium 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  ascribed." 
  

  

  As 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  subject 
  he 
  notes 
  that 
  while 
  roofing 
  

   slates 
  of 
  Cambrian 
  or 
  Silurian 
  age 
  (quoting 
  Rosenbusch 
  and 
  

   Clarke) 
  contain 
  4*1 
  to 
  5*6 
  p. 
  c. 
  alkalies, 
  and 
  Devonian 
  slates 
  have 
  

   3'04 
  to 
  3*54 
  ; 
  recent 
  sediments 
  contain 
  a 
  much 
  smaller 
  amount, 
  e. 
  g. 
  

   1*47 
  p. 
  c. 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Rhine, 
  1*96 
  for 
  the 
  Nile, 
  etc. 
  

  

  3. 
  Recent 
  Publications 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Geological 
  Survey, 
  

   Charles 
  D. 
  Walcott, 
  Director. 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  volumes 
  have 
  been 
  

   recently 
  issued 
  by 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  : 
  

  

  Nineteenth 
  Annual 
  Report 
  for 
  1897-98. 
  Part 
  I, 
  Director^ 
  

   Report^ 
  including 
  Triangulation 
  and 
  Surveying 
  (see 
  this 
  Journal, 
  

   vol. 
  vii, 
  p. 
  166). 
  

  

  Part 
  ly, 
  Hydrogfaphy^ 
  F. 
  H. 
  Newell, 
  Chief 
  of 
  Division. 
  Pp. 
  

   viii, 
  814 
  with 
  plates 
  i 
  to 
  cxviii. 
  The 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  recent 
  work 
  

   in 
  this 
  highly 
  important 
  department 
  of 
  the 
  Survey 
  are 
  now 
  pre- 
  

   sented 
  by 
  themselves 
  in 
  a 
  single 
  volume 
  of 
  generous 
  dimensions. 
  

   For 
  ten 
  years 
  past 
  observations 
  have 
  been 
  systematically 
  carried 
  

   on, 
  having 
  as 
  their 
  object 
  the 
  collection 
  of 
  data 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  

   fluctuation 
  of 
  the 
  waters 
  of 
  prominent 
  streams 
  throughout 
  the 
  

   United 
  States. 
  The 
  importance 
  of 
  the 
  knowledge 
  thus 
  gained 
  

   both 
  from 
  an 
  economic 
  and 
  a 
  scientific 
  standpoint 
  can 
  readily 
  be 
  

   estimated. 
  The 
  opening 
  chapter 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  volume 
  by 
  F. 
  H. 
  

   Newell, 
  assisted 
  by 
  various 
  observers 
  (pp. 
  1-633), 
  explains 
  with 
  

   numerous 
  illustrations 
  the 
  methods 
  of 
  work, 
  and 
  then 
  goes 
  on 
  to 
  

   give 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  measurements 
  of 
  different 
  rivers 
  taken 
  in 
  natural 
  

   geographical 
  order. 
  Among 
  the 
  special 
  reports 
  included 
  may 
  be 
  

   mentioned 
  one 
  by 
  Dwight 
  Porter 
  (pp. 
  34-111) 
  on 
  the 
  streams 
  of 
  

   Maine 
  and 
  another 
  by 
  J. 
  P. 
  Lippincott 
  (pp. 
  540-632) 
  on 
  the 
  water 
  

   supply 
  of 
  San 
  Bernardino 
  valley. 
  The 
  latter 
  report 
  is 
  especially 
  

   interesting 
  as 
  giving 
  with 
  many 
  illustrations 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  

   method 
  of 
  storing 
  and 
  distributing 
  water, 
  and 
  the 
  striking 
  results 
  

   so 
  obtained, 
  in 
  a 
  region 
  which 
  depends 
  almost 
  entirely 
  upon 
  artifi- 
  

   cial 
  irrigation. 
  Special 
  chapters 
  on 
  the 
  rock 
  waters 
  of 
  Ohio, 
  by 
  

   Edward 
  Orton 
  (pp. 
  633-718, 
  plates 
  lxxi-lxxiii), 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   geology 
  and 
  water 
  resources 
  of 
  Nebraska 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  103d 
  meri- 
  

   dian 
  by 
  N. 
  H. 
  Darton 
  (pp. 
  710-780, 
  plates 
  lxxiv-cxviii) 
  also 
  

   certain 
  much 
  interesting 
  matter. 
  

  

  Part 
  VI. 
  Mineral 
  Resources 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  for 
  1897, 
  

   David 
  T. 
  Day, 
  Chief 
  of 
  Division. 
  This 
  report, 
  the 
  fourteenth 
  

  

  