﻿Botany 
  and 
  Zoology. 
  471 
  

  

  III. 
  Botany 
  and 
  Zoology. 
  

  

  1. 
  A 
  Text-book 
  of 
  Plant 
  Diseases^ 
  caused 
  by 
  Cryptogamic 
  

   Parasites; 
  by 
  George 
  Marsee, 
  F.L.S., 
  Principal 
  Assistant 
  

   (Cryptogams), 
  Royal 
  Herbarium, 
  Kew; 
  pp. 
  xii 
  + 
  4o8, 
  wilh 
  92 
  

   figures 
  in 
  text. 
  London, 
  1899 
  (Duckworth 
  & 
  Co.); 
  New 
  York 
  

   (The 
  Macmillan 
  Co.). 
  — 
  This 
  account 
  of 
  plant-diseases 
  is 
  designed 
  

   chiefly 
  for 
  farmers, 
  gardeners 
  and 
  foresters 
  who 
  have 
  little 
  knowl- 
  

   edge 
  of 
  cryptogamic 
  botany 
  and 
  little 
  time 
  available 
  for 
  study. 
  

   It 
  is 
  therefore 
  written 
  in 
  a 
  semi-popular 
  style, 
  but 
  contains 
  numer- 
  

   ous 
  references 
  to 
  literature 
  for 
  those 
  who 
  may 
  desire 
  to 
  investi- 
  

   gate 
  particular 
  diseases 
  more 
  thoroughly. 
  In 
  the 
  short 
  intro- 
  

   ductory 
  portion, 
  the 
  general 
  characteristics 
  of 
  Fungi 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  

   less 
  important 
  parasites 
  are 
  briefly 
  described, 
  and 
  attention 
  is 
  

   directed 
  to 
  the 
  most 
  satisfactory 
  fungicides 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  methods 
  

   in 
  which 
  they 
  should 
  be 
  applied. 
  The 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  book 
  

   is 
  taken 
  up 
  with 
  the 
  detailed 
  descriptions 
  of 
  over 
  two 
  hundred 
  

   diseases. 
  In 
  each 
  case 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  aflected 
  portion 
  of 
  

   the 
  host-plant 
  is 
  described, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  gross 
  and 
  minute 
  

   structure 
  of 
  the 
  parasite, 
  and 
  particular 
  directions 
  are 
  given 
  for 
  

   preventing 
  the 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  disease. 
  The 
  more 
  important 
  dis- 
  

   eases 
  are 
  fully 
  illustrated 
  by 
  figures. 
  At 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  the 
  volumes 
  

   the 
  various 
  Fungi 
  treated 
  are 
  arranged 
  in 
  order 
  and 
  briefly 
  re- 
  

   described 
  in 
  scientific 
  terms. 
  The 
  frequent 
  mention 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  

   work 
  done 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  by 
  botanists 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  

   Department 
  of 
  Agriculture 
  is 
  worthy 
  of 
  note. 
  a. 
  w. 
  e. 
  

  

  2. 
  Observations 
  on 
  the 
  Colors 
  of 
  P'lowers 
  ; 
  by 
  E. 
  Williams 
  

   Hervey; 
  pp. 
  105, 
  4 
  illustrations 
  in 
  text. 
  New 
  Bedford, 
  1899 
  

   (E. 
  Anthony 
  & 
  Sons). 
  — 
  Tlie 
  subject-matter 
  treated 
  in 
  this 
  little 
  

   pamphlet 
  is 
  divided 
  into 
  three 
  parts. 
  In 
  the 
  first, 
  entitled 
  

   " 
  sequence 
  of 
  color," 
  the 
  author 
  brings 
  forward 
  numerous 
  obser- 
  

   vations 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  many 
  exceptions 
  to 
  the 
  sequence 
  

   described 
  by 
  Grant 
  Allen, 
  who 
  claimed 
  that 
  the 
  primitive 
  color 
  

   of 
  flowers 
  was 
  yellow, 
  becoming 
  white, 
  red, 
  purple, 
  and, 
  ulti- 
  

   mately, 
  violet 
  or 
  blue, 
  as 
  the 
  flowers 
  advanced 
  in 
  complexity. 
  

   In 
  the 
  second 
  part, 
  entitled 
  "honey-guides," 
  doubt 
  is 
  thrown 
  

   upon 
  the 
  common 
  interpretation 
  of 
  these 
  interesting 
  flower- 
  

   markings, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  claimed 
  that 
  they 
  result 
  simply 
  from 
  the 
  local 
  

   irritation 
  caused 
  by 
  insect-visitors 
  in 
  their 
  search 
  for 
  nectar 
  and 
  

   that 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  not 
  guided 
  by 
  them 
  at 
  all. 
  In 
  the 
  third 
  part 
  

   the 
  theory 
  elaborated 
  by 
  Professor 
  MilUer 
  that 
  flower-colors 
  are 
  

   produced 
  through 
  the 
  selective 
  agency 
  of 
  insects, 
  is 
  criticised. 
  

  

  A. 
  w. 
  E. 
  

  

  3. 
  Text-booh 
  of 
  the 
  Embryology 
  of 
  Invertebrates^ 
  from 
  the 
  

   German 
  o/ 
  E. 
  Korschelt 
  and 
  K. 
  Heidkr; 
  3 
  vols. 
  8°. 
  New 
  

   York 
  (The 
  Macmillan 
  Co.). 
  Vol. 
  I, 
  Porifera^ 
  Cnidaria^ 
  Cteno- 
  

   phora, 
  Vermes^ 
  Enter 
  opneusta, 
  Echinodermata^ 
  translated 
  by 
  

   Edward 
  L. 
  Mark 
  and 
  W. 
  McM. 
  \Yoodworth, 
  pp. 
  500, 
  1895. 
  

   Vols. 
  II, 
  Phoronidea, 
  Bryozoa^ 
  Ectoprocta^ 
  Brachiopoda^ 
  Ento- 
  

   procta^ 
  Crustacea^ 
  PalcBOStraca, 
  and 
  III, 
  Arachnida^ 
  Pentasto- 
  

  

  