332 Scientific Intelligence. 



Norway described by Vogt, are of igneous origin, being the 

 direct product of the differentiation of a basic igneous magma 

 modified to some extent by certain secondary processes. 



III. Miscellaneous Scientific Intelligence. 



1. Studies in General Physiology ; by Jacques Loeb. The 

 Decennial Publications of the University of Chicago, 2 vols., ^82 

 pp. University of Chicago Press, 1905. — These studies include a 

 series of papers collected from Professor Loeb's important con- 

 tributions to general physiology during the past fifteen years. 

 The range of topics selected is broad ; yet, in the words of the 

 author, "a single leading idea permeates all the papers of this 

 collection, namely, that it is possible to get the life-phenomena 

 under our control, and that such control and nothing else is the 

 aim of biology." The present form of presentation will be 

 especially welcome to many readers, since most of the papers are 

 here given in English translation for the first time. In this col- 

 lection will be found the well-known researches of Loeb on the 

 heliotropism of animals and on heteromorphosis, various papers 

 in the field of physiological morphology — the study of the con- 

 nection between chemical changes and the process of organization 

 in living matter ; while most of one volume is devoted to 

 investigations involving the application of the modern physical 

 chemistry to the solution of biological problems. Prominent 

 among these are studies on the physiological role of ions, and the 

 splendid observations on artificial parthenogenesis. The reader 

 may, at times, be inclined to hesitate in accepting the generaliza- 

 tions of the author ; but one must admire the enthusiasm and 

 untiring energy of the investigator, the wealth of important 

 observations presented, and the originality of treatment which 

 fundamental problems receive. Professor Loeb has won an 

 enviable reputation which is well deserved. The University of 

 Chicago is to be congratulated in the publication of these com- 

 memorative volumes. l. b, m. 



2. The Birds of North and Middle America ; by Robert 

 Ridgway. Part III, pp. xx, 801 with 19 plates. Bulletin No. 

 50 of the U. S. National Museum. — This is the third part of this 

 important work, already noticed in these pages ; it includes the 

 species of fifteen families from the Wagtails and Pipits (Mota- 

 cillidse) to the Warblers (Sylviidse). The three volumes already 

 published include some twelve hundred and fifty species and sub- 

 species, that is about two-fifths of all the North and Middle 

 American Birds. 



3. British Museum Catalogue: — A Synonymic Catalogue of 

 Orthoptera; by W. F. Kirby. Vol. I, pp. x, 501. London, 

 1904. — The author, who has recently carried through a re-ar- 

 rangement of the Orthoptera of the British Museum, has now 

 prepared a complete catalogue of the Order. This first volume 

 contains the species of five families and the remaining three will 

 be included in one, or possibly two, additional volumes. This 

 work will be of great value to all students of Entomology. 



