Geology and Mineralogy. 457 



Bulletins. No. 238. Economic Geology of the Iola Quad- 

 rangle, Kansas; by G. I. Adams, E. Haworth and W. R. Crane. 

 80 pp., with 11 plates, 13 figures. — The Iola Quadrangle embraces 

 an area of 944 sq. miles in the southeastern portion of Kansas. 

 It lies in the prairie plains region characteristic of the eastern 

 portion of the state, and is of especial interest because of its 

 extensive oil and gas resources. The geological structure and 

 relations of the oil and gas are in general similar to those pre- 

 vailing over the entire Kansas-Indian Territory field, and hence 

 the facts brought out in this bulletin, which is issued in advance 

 of the Iola folio now in preparation, will be found useful by 

 those interested in other portions of the field. 



Briefly stated, the rocks exposed by outcrops and revealed by 

 the drillings belong to the Pennsylvanian series of the Carbonifer- 

 ous. This series, known as the Coal Measures, contains beds of 

 workable coal chiefly in the lower portions ; the Boone limestone 

 of the Mississippian series lies below the Coal Measures. The oil 

 and gas of the region are largely confined to the Cherokee shales, 

 which here form the lowest section of the Coal Measures and 

 have a thickness of some 450 feet. The oil and gas reservoirs 

 are associated with beds of sandstone, of varying extent and 

 thickness, and sometimes of very local extent. Many facts of 

 an economic importance are brought out in the bulletin, particu- 

 larly with reference to the gas wells. This region also affords 

 considerable quantities of Portland cement and there are impor- 

 tant brickmaking plants. 



No. 242. Geology of the Hudson Valley between the Hoosic 

 and the Kinderhook ; by T. Nelson Dale. 63 pp., 3 plates 

 including a geological map, 17 figures. 



No. 246. Zinc and Lead Deposits of Northwestern Illinois ; 

 by H. Foster Bain. 56 pp., 5 plates, 3 figures. — The region 

 covered by this paper lies in the extreme northwestern portion of 

 the state, including a part of Jo Daviess county. Another 

 region, also yielding zinc and lead minerals, is found in the 

 southern portion of the state (in Hardin, Pope and Saline 

 counties) and forms part of the Kentucky-Illinois fluorspar, lead 

 and zinc field. The former region, here described, has been 

 known to yield lead since 1700 and mining operations have been 

 carried forward for upwards of one hundred years. Much has 

 been written by different authors as to the mineralogical nature 

 of the deposits, the method of their occurrence and their origin ; 

 the present paper gives a convenient and concise summary of the 

 facts as now known, upon what the writer's observations have 

 served to throw additional light. 



No. 249. Limestones of Southwestern Pennsylvania ; by 

 Frederick G. Clapp. 52 pp., 7 plates. — The subject developed 

 in this paper is the character and distribution of limestones 

 suitable for Portland cement, or for other economic uses. Six- 

 teen layers of limestone are recognized and named, varying in 

 thickness from 60 to 6 feet ; the occurrences are described and 

 the prospective value of each estimated. 



