from the Taconio Series at Canaan, J5F. Y. 255 



Explanation of Plate VII. — Fossils from Canaan, N. T. 



All the figures are of the natural size except where otherwise described. 



Fig. 1. — A transparent section, from the upper dark colored layers at tunnel 

 No. 192 * containing abundant fragments of crinoidal stalks, and a number of 

 small gasteropods, probably Pleurotomaria subtilistriata. 



Fig. 2. — A polished surface of a specimen from the darker layers at the tunnel, 

 filled with sharply defined fragments of small crinoidal columns ; containing also 

 several pieces of joints of large crinoids of the Gleiocrinus type. 



Fig. 3a. — A sharply defined vertical section of a crinoid stalk, apparently of the 

 genus Reterocrinus ; from a transparent slice of a specimen from the tunnel. 36. 

 Same as 3a, but twice the natural size. 3c-g. Joints of crinoid stalks, all trans- 

 parent sections ; c and d, are from the locality 2400 feet southerly from the 

 tunnel; the remainder are from the dark layers of the tunnel. 3 h—j, doubtful 

 organisms in transparent sections from the tunnel ; probably crinoidal fragments 

 (compare with 3g), though possibly oblique sections of brachiopod shells. Figs. 3, 

 e-j. are twice the natural size. 



Figs. Aa-d. — Large organisms in relief upon weathered surface of the lower 

 lighter colored layers of limestone at the tunnel. Probably large encrinal stalks 

 of the Cleiocrinus type. Ae-i. Horizontal sections, probably of large crinoidal 

 stalks of the Cleiocrinus type ; these appear conspicuously on the surface of the 

 lighter-colored layers at the tunnel. The two separate portions of specimens 4ff 

 and / are on opposite sides of their respective fragments, and are separated by 

 about a quarter of an inch of rock. 



Fig. 5. — Portion of a crinoidal stalk, apparently of the genus Cleiocrinus, with 

 about 112 joints to the inch ; proposed specific name, Billing si. On a polished 

 surface, from upper layers, at the tunnel. 



Figs. Ga-g. — Various conspicuous, but very doubtful organisms from the lower 

 and lighter layers at the tunnel ; presenting features of crinoids, but some also 

 suggesting Orthocerata. 6a. Shows possible indications of septa. 6/. Shows a 

 possible siphuncle; a cross-section of each extremity is given. 6g. A cross- 

 section of the smaller extremity, so far as preserved, is given. 



Figs, la and b. — The opposite sides of a doubtful organism from the weathered 

 surface of the lower layers at the tunnel, la. Showing the polished surface of the 

 shell on that side, exhibits what may be lines of structure, about 70 to the inch, 

 variously curved. 



Fig. 8a. — Feneslella? sp. ? From dark layers at the tunnel. 8b. Same, x 2. 



Fig. 9. — Apparently a horizontal section through the hinge of a large brachio- 

 pod, like Orthis occidentalis. On a polished surface, from the tunnel. 



Figs. lOa-i. — Pleurotomaria subtilistriata probably; b and e are twice the 

 natural size, and are taken from a transparent slice from the upper layers at the 

 tunnel; d is from another transparent section from the locality 2400 feet south- 

 erly from the tunnel, a, c, /, h and i, are all from a polished surface of a siugle 

 small specimen from the tunnel, upper layers, g is from another polished surface. 



Figs. 11 a-f. — Murchisonia, probably M. gracilis, a, b and d, are all exhibited on 

 polished surfaces from the tunnel, upper layers, a and d occurring in the same 

 specimen with the Pleurotomarias a, c, f h and i. lie and / are the more promi- 

 nent ones in a confused group of Murchisonia, seen in a transparent section from 

 the locality south of the tunnel. 



Fig. 12. — Partial vertical and horizontal sections through a single gasteropod 

 {Pleurotomaria ?) from the tunnel. 



Fig. 13. — A partial vertical section passing nearly through the center of a 

 gasteropod, exhibited on the polished surface of the specimen from the tunnel 

 containing the Pleurotomarias, a, c, f, h and i. 



Fig. 14. — Probably fragments of one or more gasteropods ; polished section from 

 tunnel. 



Fig. 15. — Doubtful specimen from the same polished surface as fig. 13. 



Fig. 16. — Genal spine of trilobite, perhaps Asaphus megistos. From upper 

 layers at tunnel. Exhibited naturally on a freshly fractured surface, being itself 

 nearly black. 



Fig. 17. — Apparently a fragment of a coral, perhaps " Chcetetes lycoperdon." In 

 a transparent slice of a hand-specimen of limestone collected by Prof. J. D. Dana 

 on Hall's farm, Canaan, N. Y. 



