Geology and Mineralogy. 238 



colored topographical map of the State. Trenton, N. J. 1888. — 

 New Jersey is the first State in the Union that can boast of a 

 completed topographical survey. The admirable atlas of seven- 

 teen maps published the past year — the result of the Geodetic 

 Survey by Prof. E. A. Bowser of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic 

 Survey and of the topographical work of Mr. C. C. Vermeule 

 and his assistants — has prepared the way for the final report of 

 the State Geologist, and the volume now issued is the first of the 

 series. This volume is occupied with a physical, geographical 

 and topographical report of the State, and also a report on the 

 magnetic survey, both of them by Mr. Vermeule, and also by 

 an account of the climate by Prof. Smock. The magnetic re- 

 port is accompanied by a map of isogonic lines ; and the volume 

 by a large colored topographical map of the State of New Jer- 

 sey, printed in nine colors to indicate altitudes, and by a detailed 

 geographical map. 



6. Woodham Artesian Well, on Long Island, two miles east 

 of East New York, on the line of the Long Island Railroad ; com- 

 municated by E. Lewis, Jr., of Brooklyn, N. Y. — The facts af- 

 forded by this well have great interest because they give the thick- 

 ness of the surface gravels, 213 feet, and of the earlier sand and 

 clays and the depth of the gneiss beneath the surface. The locality 

 is 35*6 feet above high tide. The distance to the outcrops of gneiss 

 on the north shore of the island is 3^ miles, showing a steep 

 incline southward of the floor of gneiss. The only fossils found 

 were the pieces of lignite at 387 feet. No trace of greensand 

 was passed through. The section here given is condensed from 

 memoranda presented to the Long Island Historical Society, on 

 the 5th of February last, by Francis EI. Luce. 



Feet. 



1. Surface deposits, sand and gravels, yellowish brown or rusty, in 



thick beds, to a depth of 213 



2. Sandy clays, clays, varying in color and fineness, in beds, 145 



ft., to depth of 358 



3. Quicksand, fine, gray, Lignite in middle of beds 417 



4. Layers of sandy clay, 1 6 ft., blue clay, 3 ft 436 



5. Quicksand, very fine, 7 ft., coarse, clayey sand, 13 ft 456 



6. Coarse, angular, nearly white quartz, sand and pebbles, 4ft 460 



7. Sandy clay, 1 ft 470 



8. Coarse, silicious sand and pebbles, very light color, very Utile 



water-worn, 50 ft. _ 520 



9. Clayey sand, 3 ft 523 



1 0. Very fine, tough, light colored clay, 22 ft 54E 



1 1 . Coarse, clayey sand , on the bed rock, 11 ft 556 



12. Bed rock of gneiss, penetrated 21 ft. _1 577 



V. Bowlder- Glaciation. — In a paper read before the Tyneside 

 Field Club in 1884, Mr. Hugh Miller draws attention to the 

 glaciation of stones and bowlders within the mass of the bowlder 

 clay, producing what he calls pavement bowlders. He observes 

 that in 1852, Hugh Miller, his father, brought into notice certain 

 causeway-like pavemenfs of bowlders near Portobello. The agent 

 appealed to by the father was icebergs. This recent paper states 

 similar facts from near Edinburgh and elsewhere. The views 



