with liaised Beaches of Lake Erie. 297 



The thickness of drift as shown by its relief above border 

 districts is only 20-30 feet, but spread out as it is over a width 

 of 1-2 miles it represents a vast accumulation compared with 

 that of the correlative beach. The moraine is composed prin- 

 cipally of till, though in places it has gravelly knolls (kames). 

 Pockets of gravel and sand occur in the till and beds of 

 assorted material are occasionally interstratified with it. In 

 short, the moraine in its topography, range in altitude, bulk 

 and constitution, is so different from the beach that the two 

 formations cannot be confused, and yet there seems to be no 

 question that the moraine of the eastern Erie basin has, in the 

 western Erie basin, a beach for its correlative. 



III. The Belmore, or Third Beach, and its Correlative Moraine. 



(a) The Belmore Beach. — This beach was not traced con- 

 tinuously from Belmore to its eastern terminus, but standing 

 as it does third in the series, and having an altitude about 30 

 feet below the Leipsic beach, there is but little possibility of 

 error in correlation. From the Cuyahoga river westward it 

 resembles the Leipsic beach so closely in size, form and struc- 

 ture that further description seems unnecessary. From Cleve- 

 land nearly to Tiffin it is seldom more than two miles from the 

 Leipsic beach, and much of the way but a mile or less. From 

 near Tiffin to Belmore it is 3-5 miles north of the Leipsic 

 beach. Between Belmore and the Michigan line its course is 

 directly away from the Leipsic beach, northwesterly, through 

 Ridgeland, New Bavaria and Ayersville to the Maumee river 

 at Independence, as indicated on Mr. Gilbert's map.* 



Beyond this stream its course is east of north into Michigan. 

 In Michigan it is correlated by Dr. Spencer with the Ridge- 

 way beach of that State.f 



Careful leveling will be necessary to determine the amount 

 and direction of deformation, if any has occurred along the 

 Ohio portion of this beach, since it was formed. The few 

 altitudes obtained show the beach to be between 160 and 170 

 feet above Lake Erie. The highest point known to me is at 

 the crossing of the C. C. C. & St. L. railway between Cleve- 

 land and North Linndale where it is 170 feet, but there may 

 be points further west equally high. Dr. Spencer's data indi- 

 cate a northward rise in Michigan, the altitude east of Ypsi- 

 lanti being 161 feet, at Berville 180 feet, and at Emmett 197 

 feet above Lake Erie. 



This beach if my interpretation be correct is represented 

 east of the Cuyahoga by the lower of the two terraces in the 



*Geol. of Ohio, vol. i, p. 548. fThis Journal, March, 1891, p. 20?. 



