298 F. Leverett — Correlation of Moraines 



east part of Cleveland, previously mentioned, which stands 

 about 165 feet above Lake Erie. From Cleveland eastward 

 Mr. Gilbert has given the raised beaches of Lake Erie critical 

 study and finds no beaches there that can be correlated with 

 the Leipsic and Belmore beaches. Before discussing further 

 the termination of this beach, it will be profitable to consider 

 its correlative moraine. 



(b) Correlative Moraine of the Belmore Beach. — There is 

 along the south border of the Lake Erie basin from the eastern 

 end of the lake, nearly to Cleveland, a well defined moraine 

 which lies nowhere more than eight miles, and in places but 

 two or three miles, from the present shore of the lake. It 

 lies along the escarpment south of the lake, and occupies a 

 belt a mile or more in width. Its inner border comes down to 

 within 250-300 feet of the level of the lake, and is usually 

 less than 100 feet above the highest of the raised beaches in 

 that part of the lake basin. Its outer border varies greatly in 

 altitude on account of the form of the escarpment along 

 which it lies. In southwestern New York and northwestern 

 Pennsylvania where the escarpment is abrupt it reaches alti- 

 tudes nearly 1000 feet above Lake Erie, but in northeastern 

 Ohio the outer border is but little above the inner. I have 

 examined the moraine no farther east than Lake Chautauqua 

 in southwestern New York. From Lake Chautauqua west- 

 ward to Painesville, Ohio, some 30 miles east from Cleveland, 

 the moraine exhibits considerable strength. It has a nearly 

 continuous main ridge, on whose slopes and borders knolls are 

 disposed in morainic fashion. From the vicinity of Paines- 

 ville westward to its terminus the moraine is much weaker. It 

 seldom has a well defined crest but consists of low knolls, 

 isolated or in groups, among which are quite extensive nearly 

 plane tracts. The moraine is traceable westward to Euclid, a 

 small village about ten miles northeast from the center of 

 Cleveland (see fig. 3). West from Euclid the old shores of 

 the lake turn southward and cut off any continuation toward 

 the west which the moraine may have had. The moraine is 

 however so feeble at Euclid that it seems improbable that the 

 ice-sheet extended much farther west at that time. This 

 moraine along the shore of the lake basin is lateral rather than 

 terminal to the ice- sheet, the terminal portion being in the 

 midst of the lake basin. Judging from the feebleness of the 

 moraine west of Painesville it is improbable that it has suffi- 

 cient strength to be traceable on the lake charts across the lake 

 bottom, and a moraine may not have been formed there, since 

 the water was apparently of sufficient depth to break up the 

 ice-sheet into bergs near its margin. 



