Geology and Natural History. 449 



of The Human Mechanism (see this Journal, vol. xxii, p. 549) 

 and contains that portion of the larger work which treats of 

 Physiology. A single chapter on drugs, alcohol and tobacco 

 from Part II has been added to meet the requirements of certain 

 State laws. w. r. c. 



14. The Young of the Crayfishes Astacus and Cambarus ; 

 by E. A. Andrews. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, 

 vol. xxxv, pp. 1-79, pi. 1-10. Washington, 1907. — "The memoir 

 describes and illustrates the young of two kinds of crayfishes, 

 one from Oregon and one from Maryland, which represent the 

 two most diverse forms found in North America. ... It deter- 

 mines the form and habits of the first, second, and third larval 

 stages, .... describes the hitherto unknown nature of succes- 

 sive mechanical attachments of the offspring to the parent, and 

 opens up the problem, of the nature and causes of the incipient 

 family life in the crayfish." New data are supplied which lead 

 toward the solution of the problems of the geographical distri- 

 bution and the origin of the species of crayfish, the evidence 

 furnished pointing toward the wider departure from the ances- 

 tral state and the more highly evolved condition on the part of 

 Cambarus than of Astacus. b. w. k. 



15. Evolution and Animal Life. An elementary discussion 

 of facts, processes, laws, and theories relating to the Life and 

 Evolution of Animals y by David Starr Jordan and Vernon 

 Lyman Kellogg. 8vo, 489 pp., 298 cuts, 2 colored plates. 

 New York : D. Appleton & Co. 1907. — This is a very complete 

 and comprehensive discussion of the various factors and theories 

 of evolution, as indicated by the title. It includes, besides the 

 subjects ordinarily discussed in elementary works on evolution, 

 useful chapters on Paleontology and Geographical Distribution, 

 Adaptations, Parasitism and Degeneration, Commensalism, In- 

 stinct and Reason, etc. Altogether it is the most useful and up 

 to date treatise on evolution that we have seen. a. e. v. 



16. -Report on the Crustacea (Brachyura and Anomurd) col- 

 lected by the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, 1853-1856 ; 

 by William Stimpson (edited by Miss M. J. Rathbun). 

 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, part of vol. xlix, 1907, 

 8vo, 240 pp., 26 plates. — This is the full report on the Crustacea 

 of the two groups named, prepared by Dr. Stimpson and sent in 

 to the Navy Department just before the great Chicago fire in 

 1871. Dr. Stimpson, himself, seems to have forgotten that he 

 had delivered this report, for in his statement of the losses by 

 the destruction of the Chicago Academy, he enumerated this as 

 well as his other unfinished reports, and all his drawings. This 

 report was, however, discovered in 1872, shortly after his death, 

 accompanied by a full series of carefully executed drawings, 

 largely made with a silver point on hard cardboai'd, as Dr. Stimp- 

 son told the writer during an interview in Chicago about six 

 months before the fire. At the same time he showed large num- 

 bers of drawings of Crustacea of the remaining groups, as well 

 as of mollusca, tunicates, etc., done in the same painstaking man- 



