II. Arctowski — About Climatical Variations. 311 



merit of the antipleion in an opposite direction. A rotatory 

 movement is the consequence. It is a pendulation (fig. 2). 



The principal problem is, of course : what keeps the pendu- 

 lation going? "Without some exterior impulse the movement 

 would die out or could not even originate. I think that it is 

 the cause of the formation of pleions which, repeating itself 

 more or less periodically, gives the impulse to the clockwork. 



The Russian pleions have shown some correlations with the 

 equatorial variation of temperature, illustrated by the consecu- 

 tive curve of Arequipa. The consecutive curve of New York also 

 belongs to the Arequipa type. We see now how the tendency 

 of the pleions to maintain their existence complicates the prob- 

 lem of their mode of formation or origin. 



Because, since for certain parts of the United States the con- 

 secutive temperature curves belong to the direct type, — that is 

 to say, are similar and coincide more or less in time with the 

 equatorial curves, — the impulse producing these variations 

 must be the same as that which produces the tropical varia- 

 tions. This impulse is evidently extra-terrestrial. Therefore, 

 where the variation is direct, the departures of temperature 

 will not be due to abnormal conditions of atmospheric circula- 

 tion, but will, on the contrary, produce such changes of atmos- 

 pheric pressure, wind direction and velocity, etc., as may be 

 characteristic for either pleions or antipleion s. 



But on the maps the pleions do not disappear : they move 

 away. Now the question is how — in a direct type of variation — 

 the pleion corresponding to the second crest of the consecu- 

 tive curve is renewed 1 Is it the same pleion coming back from 

 the region it was pushed away from by the formation in situ 

 of the direct antipleion, or is it a new pleion, and if so what 

 became of the first one ? 



Let us call the pleionian crests of the Arequipa curve A, B, 

 C and D (fig. 1). The consecutive maps show that the crest B 

 of New York went northwest over Canada and then southwest 

 towards California. The pleion came back nearly the same 

 way during 1904-1906 (fig. 2). The crest C of New York is 

 therefore the same as B. But if we try to follow this pendula- 

 tion on the Consecutive curves of individual stations we do not 

 succeed very well. And this is because the amplitude of the 

 departures changes independently of the pendulation. The 

 pleions pendulate and surge at the same time. An old pleion 

 may be reintensified. In the case of the pleion C, the surg- 

 ing is nothing but the superposition of a new pleion upon an 

 old one, so that C is the residual of B, plus a new impulse 

 produced in situ under the influence of the direct solar action. 



In this way it is conceivable how the pleionian variations 

 may be more important on the North American continent 

 than identical variations in tropical regions. 



