36 



Hayes and Trowbridge — Irregularities, etc. 



are observed in single fluid batteries. The laws which govern 

 this action were very carefulty studied by Wiedemann. Owing 

 to this transporting force the heights of the liquid on the two 

 sides of the porous jar are different, being higher on the side 

 which is nearest the positive electrode. When a strong current 

 acts, more liquid is driven through the partition than with a 

 weak current ; moreover, the greater the resistance of the 

 liquid, the more is driven through. From this we find that the 







8 



4 /\ 





>*" 



6 



7 



Ziw^hw\jy 



porous jar increases the base or metal transported to the nega- 

 tive pole, and diminishes the quantity of acid at the positive 

 pole in the case of sulphuric or nitric acids. Again, if we in- 

 crease the surface of the jar, the force tending to transport the 

 liquid is diminished, but it is increased if we increase the thick- 

 ness or density of the partition. 



If now we have a strong current, and a small, thick cup, 

 there will be a maximum force tending to drive the liquid and 

 base from the positive pole, and a consequent decrease in the 

 strength of the current. The first case is well exemplified in 



