136 R. E. Call — Geographic and Hypsometric 



lished beyond question. It may not be uninteresting-, in this 

 connection, to say that Campeloma exilis Anthony and Cam- 

 peloma milesii Lea are both species which are based upon the 

 male of Campeloma subsolidum Anthony ; the males of all 

 the known species are very much smaller, in every correspond- 

 ing dimension, than are the females. 



The form described as Campeloma rufum Haldeman has a 

 fairly wide range over the northern United States from Taun- 

 ton, Massachusetts, and Waterbury, Connecticut, to Rum river, 

 in Minnesota. It is common and abundant in ]STew York, 

 Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and in northeastern Illinois. It has 

 been seen from west of the Mississippi river only in the State 

 of Minnesota, from a locality near Anoka. From streams 

 which flow into the Tennessee river in east Tennessee, notably 

 in the Hiawassee river and Tellico creek, come specimens 

 which are referred to this species. In all the large number of 

 examples which have passed in review the characters are re- 

 markably constant. The highly polished epidermis, pink 

 apical whorls and usually ruddy interior distinguish it readily 

 from its congeners. Examples of other forms, with this name 

 frequently come to us ; but they are often examples colored 

 with iron oxide. The epidermis of very young examples is 

 somewhat hirsute while stride parallel to the sutures occur on 

 all typical examples. The southernmost locality from which 

 examples have come to us is Huntsville, Alabama. 



A nearly related form comes from the southern States all 

 the way from South Carolina to Florida and west to Alabama. 

 This is the Campeloma limum Anthony. The northernmost 

 locality is the Santee Canal and the southernmost Wekiva river, 

 Florida. From Montevallo, Alabama, and Talledaga creek in 

 the eastern portion of the same State come the westernmost 

 representatives of this very beautiful shell. Its distribution is 

 quite restricted and it may, perhaps prove to be but a highly 

 marked aberrant form of Campeloma rufum. At present, 

 however, the facts do not warrant their union. 



The largest species of this genus is Campeloma ponderosum 

 Say. Originally described from the Ohio it has now been 

 recorded from nearly all its greater tributaries. It is not a 

 form which occurs in small streams and has never been re- 

 ported from lakes or ponds unless they were in connection 

 with some great river, and in such relation as to receive the 

 overflow. The form ranges from western New York, in 

 streams tributary to the Ohio, to the Mississippi ; southwards, 

 along the west slope of the Alleghanies, it extends to the 

 headwaters of the Coosa river, the Oostanaula and Etowah 

 rivers. In the Alabama, which is but the continuation of the 

 Coosa, and in the Tennessee rivers it is very common and very 



