L. A. Thurston — Recent eruption of Kilauea. 3,39 



The raised area was much shattered, and two blowholes 

 shortly afterward made their appearance on the outer line of 

 fracture. 



On the 18th of April the hill thus formed began to sink, 

 and on July 5th was only about 30 feet above the other walls 

 of the lake. 



On the evening of the 6th of July a party of tourists found 

 the lake in a state of moderate activity, the surface of the lava 

 being about 12 feet below the banks. 



On Saturday, the 7th, the surface of the lake raised so that 

 the entire surface was visible from the Volcano House. That 

 night it overflowed into the main crater, and a blow-hole was 

 thrown up some 200 yards outside and to the north of the lake, 

 from which a flow issued. There were two other hot cones in 

 the immediate vicinity which were thrown up about three 

 weeks before. On Sunday, Monday and Tuesday, July 8th, 

 9th and 10th, the surface of the lake rose and fell several times, 

 varying from full to the brim to 15 feet below the edge of the 

 banks. 



The profile view of the lake on Tuesday night, July 10th, 

 was approximately as shown in figure 2. 



^ 4-00' V 12-00 ft. 



Fig. 2 ; A B, surface of lake, July 10, 3 891 ; C and D, blow holes. 



On the morning of the 11th the hill was found to have sunk 

 down to the level of the other banks, and frequent columns of 

 rising dust indicated that the banks were falling in. At 9:45 

 A. M., at which hour a party reached 

 the lake, a red hot crack from 3 to 6 

 feet wide was found surrounding the A ;'wu 

 space recently occupied by the hill ; f m fi 

 the hill was nearly level ; the lake had 

 fallen some 50 feet, through the es- 

 cape of the lava by some subterranean 

 passage, and the wall of the lake formed by the hill was falling 

 in at frequent intervals. The outline of the lake at this time 

 was as in figure 3. 



The lava in the lake continued to fall steadily, at the rate of 

 about 20 feet an hour from 10 o'clock in the morning until 8 

 in the evening. At 11 A. M. the area formerly occupied by 

 the hill, marked A, A, A, in the diagram, began to sink bodily, 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Third Series, Yol. XL VIII, No. 286.— October, 1894. 

 22 



