J. I). Dana — History of the Changes in Kilauea. 25 



The remnants it represents of Lyman's ridge of lava-blocks, 

 — the tains of the lower wall uplifted upon the rising floor of 

 the lower pit — has already been referred to (xxxiv, 89). That 

 it may be fully appreciated, the reader is directed again to 

 Mr. Lyman's map, here reprinted with corrections by him ;* 

 and then to Plate 1, which shows these remaining parts of the 

 long ridge drawn, from Bingham's map, on the recent map of 

 the Government survey (lettered ef gh). The ridges are not put 

 as far from the east wall of the crater as on Brigham's map, but 

 are made to accord with the statement of each Lyman and 

 Coan, and of Brigham also, that they followed the course of the 

 lower -pit wall of 1840 a little inside of its position, over the 

 site of the original tains — Wilkes's position of the wall being 

 adopted except for a short distance near e. Halema'uma'u, as 



■ -J 





the dotted line inside of the basin of the Government map 

 shows, was small in 1864-65, it being only 1,000 feet in diam- 

 eter and but little raised above the level of the liquid lavas. 



The preceding additional view of the crater is introduced at 

 this place because it contains the remains of the Lyman ridge 

 as mapped by Mr. Brigham, and is further testimony as to its 



* The copy of Prof. Lyman's map, reproduced on page 85 of the last volume of 

 this Journal, is not from a tracing of his original map, but from a roughly drawn 

 copy left on the islands. The original was lost by him, as he informs me, when 

 in California on his return to New Haven. He has here placed the "canal" 

 along side of the ridge, in accordance with the statement in his description and 

 also in his note-book of 1846, which makes the interval betweeu them " 10 to 40 

 and 50 yards." Before publishing the map I endeavored to obtain corrections from 

 him. But on account of his , illness at the time I could not communicate with 

 him. 



