180 Obituary. 



him. In 1857, he accompanied Lieut. G. K. Warren's expedition 

 and made the discovery of the rich Niobrara Mammalian fauna, 

 newer than the White River, and obtained a great number of 

 specimens. In 1866 he was in the Bad Lands, making collections 

 for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The mam- 

 malian remains obtained in these various expeditions, along with 

 those gathered by Dr. John Evans in 1849 and 1853, and Mr. 

 Culbertson in 1850, were the material used by Dr. Leidy for his 

 great work on the Extinct Fauna of Dakota and Nebraska (1869). 



During 1859 and 1860, Dr. Hayden was connected, as geolo- 

 gist, with Capt. Raynold's expedition to the headwaters of the 

 Yellowstone and Missouri. In 1867, after the civil war, the series 

 of government expeditions under his charge was begun that con- 

 tinued through the consecutive years to the close of 1878. By 

 these expeditions his explorations became extended over large 

 parts of Nebraska, Dakota, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, 

 New Mexico and Kansas. The first appropriation was only 

 $5,000 ; but the later were more liberal ; and besides his regular 

 corps, a number of other scientists sometimes accompanied the 

 expedition. Mr. Meek was usually with him, and through him 

 large numbers of invertebrate species of the Cretaceous, Tertiary, 

 Jurassic and other formations were figured and described ; and 

 precision was thus given to the facts for success in laying down 

 the subdivisions of these formations and mapping their distribu- 

 tion. After the death of Mr. Meek, in December, 1876, his 

 department passed under the charge of Dr. C. A. White. Mr. L. 

 Lesquereux investigated, figured and described the fossil plants 

 of the Laramie and other formations. Dr. Cope joined the expe- 

 ditions of 1872 and 1873, and afterward described the vertebrate 

 fossils, collected in these and later years, in two quarto volumes. 

 In 1877, the parties of exploration included the geologists Dr. C. 

 A. White, Dr. A. C. Peale, Dr. F. M. Endlich, O. H. St. John, 

 the accomplished artist Mr. W. H. Holmes, the topographical sur- 

 veyors A. D. Wilson, G. R. Bechler, G. B. Chittenden, H. Gan- 

 nett, the excellent photographer W. H. Jackson ; and also Dr. S. 

 H. Scudder and Mr. F. C. Bowditch of Cambridge, Dr. Leidy of 

 Philadelphia, and the first botanists of England and America, Sir 

 Joseph D. Hooker and Dr. Asa Gray. 



The many volumes of the expedition in octavo and quarto, 

 and the atlases, need not be here enumerated. Dr. Hayden had 

 reason for feeling gratified with the great scientific results of the 

 expeditions and his own earlier labors, and the wonderful develop- 

 ments made with regard to the ancient life of the continent, and 

 the display of the country's resources and topographic features. 



The office work of the expedition closed in June, 1879. Since 

 then Dr. Hayden has lived in Philadelphia. He has had in course 

 of preparation a final geological report on his expedition work ; 

 but what progress was made is unknown to us. 



Dr. Hayden was a member of the National Academy of 

 Sciences, and received various honors from academies abroad. 



