A. K Yerrill — New Actinians. 207 



The ground-color of the disk is usually pale pink, but it may 

 be pale cream-color or greenish white. The mouth is nearly 

 always surrounded by a narrow circle of bright rose-red, 

 orange- red, or scarlet on the lips ; the angles are usually brighter 

 scarlet or vermilion ; inside of mouth pink or pale salmon. 



In transverse section the wall and base are very thin. The 

 mesenteries are also unusually thin, owing to the very feeble 

 development of the longitudinal muscles ; 16 or more pairs are 

 perfect and nearly equal in the larger specimens, but the num- 

 ber is variable; sometimes 24 or more pairs join the upper part 

 of the stomodseum, or even lower down ; but only 16 pairs 

 usually join it at its proximal end; those of the 4th cycle 

 are small and often more or less irregularly developed, in 

 the different sextants. Usually, in the larger specimens, a pair 

 is regularly developed between all the pairs of perfect ones ; 

 in the stomodseal region these are about one-third as broad as 

 the perfect ones and have longitudinal muscles. All of the 

 perfect and part of the imperfect ones bear gonads, near the 

 base. Some small ones of the 5th cycle also occur near the 

 base. The sphincter muscle is mesodermal, diffuse, elongated, 

 gradually becoming larger distally, and club-shaped or retort- 

 shaped. The mesogloea is considerably thickened in the region 

 of the sphincter. The two siphonoglyphs are continued down- 

 ward by a short lobe at each angle of the stomodseum, which 

 is large, with about 16 plications on each side. 



Height of column, in full expansion, 2 inches (50 mm ) ; diam- 

 eter of disk about 1*5 inches (37 mm ) ; length of longer ten- 

 tacles about *6 inch (10 to 15 mm ). 



Bay of Fundy ; Eastport Harbor ; Johnson's Bay, near 

 Eastport, Me. Sot rare in 8 to 35 fathoms, on stony bottoms. 

 Taken by me in 1861, '63, '64, '68, '70, and 1872. 



Specimens of this species were described by me in 1864 

 (Kevis. Polyps, pp. 19 (var. 4), 20) as a variety or young of 

 Urticina cmssicomis, which it closely resembles in form and 

 color. At that time, however, I stated that it agreed closely 

 with Stomphia Churchice G-osse. The anatomical characters 

 of the latter were, of course, then unknown. 



There can be little doubt that S. Churchice is identical with 

 our species,* but the latter name is later than carneola, in case 

 they prove identical when directly compared. It has been 

 thought by some writers that Actinia coccinea Mull, is identi- 

 cal with S. Churchice, but of that I cannot judge. Carlgren 

 also takes this view in the appendix to his article, but accord- 

 ing to G-osse and others that species is a Sagartia. 



* The slight differences between the anatomical description given by Carlgren 

 and my own are doubtless due partly to the greater size of my specimens and partly 

 io the modes of preparation, and to individual variations. 



