THE 



AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 



[FOURTH SERIES. ] 



Art. XX Y. — Glacial Lakes Newberry, Warren and Dana, in 

 Central New York; by H. L. Fairchild. (With Plate YI.) 



Contents : 



Page. 



Introduction 249 



Description of the Maps _ 250 



Physiography of the district 252 



Earlier local glacial lakes _ 253 



Lake Newberry 255 



Origin _ 255 



Extent and tributaries 255 



Shorelines and elevations 256 



Extinction 257 



Page. 



Lake Warren 257 



General description 257 



Invasion of New York 258 



Shorelines and elevations 258 



Extinction 259 



Hyper-Iroquois waters 260 



Lake Dana ('* Geneva " beach) 260 

 Water levels between Lakes 



Dana and Iroquois 262 



Lake Iroquois 263 



Introduction. 



The ice sheet of the last glacial epoch covered, during its 

 greatest extent, all the area of the Great Lakes. When the 

 receding front of the waning glacier had passed to northward 

 of the southern boundary of the Laurentian basin, the glacial 

 and meteoric waters were impounded between the ice front 

 and the north-sloping land surface. These glacial lakes had 

 their outlets southward across the divide, and they expanded 

 northward as the barrier of ice receded. The local lakes were 

 gradually united by draining of higher levels to lower, and 

 ultimately these glacial waters became of vast extent, exceed- 

 ing in breadth and depth any existing lakes. Their shorelines 

 have been found at many localities and traced for great dis- 

 tances and the romantic history and relationship of the glacial 

 waters have become in recent years the subject of a special 

 body of earth-science literature. 



Am. Jouk. Sci.— Fourth Series, Vol. VII, No. 40.— April, 1899. 

 17 



