794 



INDEX. 



Scolithus linearis, 185,* 187, 



196. 

 Scolopendrites, 356. 

 Scoria, 690.§ 

 Scoriaceous rocks, 72.g 

 Scotland, Carboniferous in, 

 353. 

 Devonian in, 294. 

 Scratches, drift, 538. 

 glacial, 676, 677. 

 Scratching, by slides of rock, 



650. 

 Scymnus in California, 521. 

 Scyphia reticulata, 457.* 

 Sea- Anemone, 158.g* 

 Sea-beaches of Champlain 

 epoch, 547. 

 absent from New England 

 at elevations above 500 

 feet, 542, 553. 

 Sea-eagles, 278. 

 Sea-weeds. See Alg^;. 

 Seal, 422.§ 



fossil, 516. 

 Seam, 92.§ 



Section, general, of the series 

 of geological formations, 

 131.* 

 of coal-measures at Tre- 



vorton Gap, Pa., 404.* 

 of coal-measures near Nes- 



quehoning, Pa., 403.* 

 of the coal-measures with 



trees, 326.* 

 ideal, of the Appalachians, 



405* 

 of Chemung beds, 288* 

 at Genesee Falls, 231* 

 of rocks of Illinois, 382. 

 of rocks of Iowa, 381. 

 of rocks of Michigan, 380. 

 of rocks of Missouri, 383. 

 of New York, 171* 

 in New York, south from 



L. Ontario, 247.* 

 at Niagara River, 232.* 

 of Palaeozoic at Bore 



Springs, Ya., 404* 

 of Palaeozoic rocks in the 

 Mississippi basin, 378.* 

 of rocks of Pennsylvania, 



379. 

 of Palaeozoic at Pottsville, 



Pa., 404* 

 of rocks of Tennessee, 384. 

 Sections of coal-measures, 325, 

 331, 332, 403,* 404.* 

 of unconformable Carbo- 

 niferous, 320* 

 of Hamilton beds.281,288.* 

 Sediment of rivers, 643.g 

 Sedimentary rocks, 70.g 



strata, modes of formation 

 of, 678. 

 Sedgwick, on Devonian in Eng- 

 land, 294. 

 the term Cambrian, pro- 

 posed by, 177. 

 Selachians, 277. § 



range of, in time, 402, 572. 

 Selaginites, 356. 

 Selvage, 124.§ 

 Sepia, 451. 



Semi-oviparans, 423.g 

 Semnopithecus, 529.$ 

 Senonian group, 480. 

 Septai-ia, 95.§ 

 Serai series, 380. 

 Serapis, change of level in the 

 temple of Jupiter, 588,* 

 718. 

 Serolis, 154.* 

 Serpentine, 61,g 82.§ 

 Sertularia, 162.§ 



abietina, 190* 



rosacea, 190.* 

 Shales, few fossils in, 219. 



origin of, 377. 

 Shaly structure, 93.g 

 Shaler, on age of Anticosti 



rocks, 231, 235. 

 Sharks, 277.§ 

 Sharks' teeth, abundance of, 



in Tertiary, 514. 

 Shawangunk grit, 230. 



Mountains, system of 

 ■joints in, 230. 

 Shell-limestone, 85.§ 

 Shell-marl, 85.§ 

 Shells in coal-beds, 366. 

 Sheppey, fossil fruits of, 524. 

 Shotover sand, 448. 

 Shower, dust, 629. 

 Shumard, B. P., on Texas Cre- 

 taceous, 470. 



on Texas Tertiary, 509. 

 Sicily, elevation of, 534. 



erosion of the Simeto in, 

 639. 



Pliocene of, 523. 

 Sieboldia, 344.g 

 Sierra, 16.g 

 Sigillaria, 283,* 335.§ 



alveolaris, 342. 



Brochanti, 342. 



Chemungensis, 750. 



minuta, 337. 



obovata, 336* 



oculata, 336.* 



Serlii, 342. 



stellata, 342. 



tesselata, 342. 

 Sigillaria?, or Sigillarids, 335.§ 



363, 395, 418. 

 Silica, soluble, 4S8.g 

 Siliceous group, 308. 



materials of rocks from 

 living species, 66, 67. 

 Silicon, 51.§ 

 Sillery sandstone, 176. 

 Sillimanite, 58.§ 

 Silt, 74.§ 



of rivers, amount of, 643.§ 

 Silurian age, 167 .g 



subdivisions of, 168. 



Lower, 171. 



Lower, number of species 

 in, 225, 226. 



Lower, thickness of, 386. 



Lower, mostly absent 

 from U. Missouri, 245. 



Upper, 229. 



Upper, General Observa- 

 tions on, 256. 



Upper, features of life of, 

 258. 



Silurian, Upper, number of 

 species in, 259. 

 Upper, climate of, 259. 

 Upper, thickness of, 386. 

 Upper, absentfrom Upper 



Missouri, 245. 

 Upper, Arctic American 

 species of, occurring 

 elsewhere, 262. 

 and Devonian united by 

 the Ludlow beds, 264. 

 Simeto, erosion of the, 639. 

 Sinemurian group, 449. 

 Siphonated Conchifers, 397. 

 Siphonia lobata, 483* 

 Siphonotreta, 184*g 



unguiculata, 217.* 

 Siredon, 344.§ 

 Siren, 344.g 

 Sirenia, 423.g 

 Sivatherium, 529. 

 Siwalik Hills, Mammals of, 



529. 

 Slate, 77.§ 



Slaty cleavage or structure, 

 100.§ 

 cleavage, origin of, 727. 

 cleavage, production of in 

 glacier-ice, 674. 

 Slides, 649. 

 Slope of Andes, 16. 



of Bocky Mountains, 16* 

 of volcanic mountains, 

 18.* 

 Sloth, 423.§ 



tribe, earliest of, 528. 

 Snakes, 345 .g 



first of, 526. 

 Sneedville limestone, 384. 

 Snow-line on heights, 671. 

 Soapstone, 61,g 81 .§ 

 Soissonnais beds, 522. 

 Solemya, 399. 

 Solen Permianus, 371. 

 Solenhofen beds, 449. 

 Solfataras, 699.§ 

 Solidungulates, 423.§ 

 Solitaire, 578* 

 Soluble silica, 488.§ 

 Soundings off New Jersey and 



Long Island, 441. 

 S. America, Cretaceous in, 481. 

 Jurassic in, 447. 

 mean height of, 15. 

 South Carolina, Cretaceous in, 

 469. 

 Tertiary in, 507, 509. 

 Spain, Carboniferous in, 352. 

 Cretaceous in, 481. 

 Lower Silurian in, 207. 

 Subcarboniferous in, 318. 

 Triassic in, 433. 

 Spalacotherium tricuspidens, 



463. 

 Spatangus, 160.§ 

 Specialization, law of, 599. 

 examples of law of, in the 

 earth's history, 739. 

 Species. See Life, Animals, 



Plants. 

 Specular iron, 65, 83.§ 

 Sphenophyllnm. 341, 356. 

 antiquum, 290. 



