1851.] Indo-Scythian Princes. 149 



leaders of a tribe. I need hardly remark that, chronologically speak- 

 ing, there would have been ample time for the adoption of the (foreign) 

 term as a national phrase before Pliny wrote of the Scythians ; — and 

 1 may mention that I believe the word, which occurs in no diction- 

 aries (?), is not to be found elsewhere in any classic of authority. 

 Should my Greek derivation be thought arbitrary, I have yet a mean- 

 ing indigenous among the (Indo) Scythians for the first word in the 

 legend in the passage as follows : — " Ultra sunt populi Scythorum : 

 Persae illos Sacas universos appellavere aproxima gente ; antiqui Are- 

 meos ; Sacce ipsi Persas, Chorsaros" 



The legend No. 2, occurs also on a coin of Kadphises, marking the 

 commencement of the introduction of a Mithraic worship which became 

 generally current in the time of Kanerkes, whose coins bear indiffer- 

 ently the Greek ^Atos, or the Zend Grsecised fxtOpo. It is slightly 

 barbarized by the omission of an t ; or perhaps rather the use of v 

 for t : it reads easily. 



ocroi/ 17X101; — as great as the Sun. 



The legend, No. 3, I introduce, not to explain it, but to give such 

 readers as are new to this branch of study a fair specimen of the 

 unintelligible ; together with my assurance that there is infinitely more 

 of the like found, and to be found, which patience, ingenuity, and the 

 spread of intelligence will make patent to us ; of course if labourers 

 be found where the vineyard is so large and fruitful. The second word 

 gives an idea of the Greek c^VM* 



Legend No. 4 contains the three words, one of which I have 

 explained, which constitute the despair of the author of Ariana Anti- 

 qua. They are not the less Greek, very slightly barbarized. The use 

 of the first however, as applied personally, argues the same corruption 

 of language, traces of which have already met us; — £a0os — £a0eos 

 — divine, godlike, majestic ; <f>pvyuv re £a0eoi aeXaj/at (Eurip. Troades, 

 1074.) being used by Homer (in the Iliad only) as also by Hesiod 

 and Pindar as applicable to places and cities frequented by the 

 gods, (in the same sense as rjyaOeos in relation to dyaflos). Here 

 the rude dialect applies it to the king Kadaphes, who also assumes 

 the 6£wA.os title, and adds as his sovereign designation, the Greek 

 word, doubtless as it was barbarously pronounced, — /cotpai/os: — 

 Koipavov — Kopavo. When Mr. Masson vaguely guessed, the word 



