240 Essay on the Ancient Geography of India. [No. 3. 



own. Bawd is the same with Bau, a title well known among the 

 Mahrat'tas, and which, according to a learned pandit of that country, 

 is derived from the obsolete root Bu, lord, master ; and which in Per- 

 sian signifies father only implicitly, in the same manner as we use the 

 words Sire and grand Sire. From Bu comes Bau, and Bawd a lord, 

 and Bdwi, or B&l a lady, in the Mahrat'ta language. Bawd, and Bau 

 are used in that sense in the Burman language, in which they call the 

 emperor of China Odey-Bod, or the lord and king of the east. The 

 holy Tafhd, or Pdfhd is also called Aghdr-Bdwd, or Bdbd, and at 

 Multan Bdbd-Pif hu. The three first denominations in Hindi, imply 

 power, greatness and skill. This is the town of Tdtdh, asserted by 

 Abul Fazil to be called also Bebiel, and Alore, in some copies Alwar. 

 In the Persian Tables, cited by Major Rennel, in his first Memoir, it 

 is equally asserted that Tdthd, is the same with Baibul. This Tdthd 

 is of course different from the Tatah of our maps, the true name of 

 which is 'Tha't'tha, and Otter says, that the head of the Delta is two 

 days by water, below Nagar-Thdtthd, or Thatthi, which he spells 

 Tschatchi. The denomination of Bebiel, Bibul seems to be unknown 

 in that country, except perhaps to sea-faring people, who sometimes 

 bestow on places, names unknown to those who live further inland.* 



Capt. Hamilton is entirely mistaken, when he says that BivelU, in 

 the language of that country, signifies the seven mouths. It is by no 

 means the case with that language, nor, I believe, with any other in 

 India. They use, on the banks of the Indus, the same numerals as 

 in Hindi, except the two first, Berc or Fere one, and Bd, vd, be, or ve 

 two. The first is the Hindi Me, with the addition of the letter It. 

 Thus in Icelandic, instead of eim, one, they say eirn. Ba, be, or ve, 

 is now obsolete, both in Sanskrit, and Hindi : but it is the root of 

 Vincshati, or Finc'hati in Sanskrit, and of Bis in Hindi, which signify 

 twenty. It is the root in Latin of bis twice, and of viginti, also of 

 ambo both. 



Debit, Bivul, or Biul seems to signify the island (Biv) of Yala, or 

 Halleh, the meaning of which is unknown to me ; though often found 

 in composition in the names of places in that country, and all over the 

 peninsula, as Hdlleh-cundi, on the Indus ; Cacar-hdleh in the Delta ; 



* I never saw Otter's works : but an extract was sent from Europe to the late 

 Father Tieffenthaler, who gave it to me. 



