1856.] Of ttoo Edicts bestowing Land. 231 



Deva; he having satisfied,! in due form, the divinities of the Ve- 

 das,J the saints, deceased mortals, malignant spirits, and. his own 

 group of progenitors ; paying homage to the sun,§ of brilliance 

 potent in penetrating the regions of darkness ; worshipping him, on 

 whose brow is a segment of the moon ;|| adoring Vasudeva,^[ the 

 preserver of the triple universe ; offering to fire* an oblation of 

 abundant rice, milk, and sugar ;f in order to enhance the merit and 

 celebrity of his mother, of his father, and of himself ; having taken 



verb kai, we get huhuka ' tbat which utters the sound huhu? Huhukdnta may, 

 then, stand for ' dog-killer ;' a possible equivalent of s'wa-pach ' dog-cooker,' 

 the name of a tribe of pariahs. 



Consonantly to these premises, the English of the clause is as follows: ' Ap- 

 prizing all rational beings, from Brahma to the outcast.' Brahma is called ' the 

 lotus-tenemented,' with allusion to the medium through which he originated from 

 Narayana. 



Th purport which, on the exposition here set forth, has been attached to the 

 verb s'ds, is, to be sure, countenanced by the dictionaries. Yet there is no ques- 

 tion that, in a land-grant, the odds are overwhelmingly against the use of s'ds 

 otherwise than to express ' by patent ;' above all, in such a form as s'dsanikritya ; 

 and considering that the present instrument contains no declaration, if it be not 

 this, to show by what species of document the land was alienated. 



The point thus discussed will be definitively cleared up, should another of 

 Madanapala's grants or re-grants happen to be discovered. The formula in dispute 

 would, doubtless, turn out to be one of duration. It was exchanged for another, 

 by Madanapala's immediate successor, Govindachandra, See the next inscription. 



* Rdjddhirdja, ' king and chief ruler.' Colebrooke represents these epithets 

 by u conspicuous monarch." Miscell. Essays, Vol. II., p. 258. 



f By drink-offerings. 



% Or gods propounded in the litanies of the Vedas. 



§ Ushna.rochisha ; literally, ' of warm lustre.' Compare the third note above. 

 || The divinity thus characterised is S'iva. ' Moon' is here expressed by an 

 epithet : ' the regent of deciduous vegetation.' 

 % Vishnu incarnate as Krishna. 



* Here, and in many other inscriptions, in similar circumstances, the accusative 

 is inaccurately put for the locative. We should read ^f^*f fbf, not ^rf^fg^ 

 So Colebrooke — Miscell. Essays, Vol. II., p. 300— has edited f^^g^rre ft> r 



t The composition formed of these three ingredients, is called, in the Sanskrit, 

 pdyasa. 



