1858.] 



Bailing Vocabulary. 



397 



per, like mine, thine, in English.* The 

 former are indeclinable : the latter, are 

 declinable, like all other proper posses- 

 sives, though with some confusion ori- 

 ginating in the imperfect development 

 of the inflective element, its frequent 

 coincidence with the genitive sign, and 

 the variableness of that sign. 



However, the case signs generally and 

 their mode of annexation being uniform, 

 out of this essentially one declension order 

 is obtained, despite the disturbing causes 

 adverted to. I give here as a sample of 

 the possessives. 



Dauboke = own. 

 1. Dauboke. 

 f Caret? 

 \ Dwabokeke.f 



3. Dauboke. 



4. Dauboke gware. 



5. Dauboke di. 



6. Dauboke ding. 



7. Dauboke la. 



8. Dauboke lang. 



9. Dauboke taure. 



10. Dauboke nung. 



11. Dauboke manthi. 



12. Dauboke mi. 



.. „ JDauboke pumdi or Dauho a 

 \_ pumdi. 

 Daubo = ap ; dauboke = apna. Ap- 

 naJca can only be separately expressed 

 by the cacophonous iteration of the 

 guttural. Nor is this defect remedied 

 by the use of the conjunct pronouns, 

 wa, i, a ; for wadwabo myself gives 

 wadwaboke, of myself and my own ; 

 and idwabo, thyself gives ldwaboke of 

 thyself or thy own. See more on the 

 genitive in the sequel. 



5. 



G. 



7. 



8. 



9. 

 10. 

 11. 

 12. 

 13. 



1. 



2. 



3. 



4. 



5. 

 6. 



7. 

 8. 



9. 



10, 

 11, 

 12, 



13 



1 

 2 

 3 



II. — Declension of Nouns. 

 1st. — Substantives proper. 

 Wainsa, a man, m. 

 Wainsa. 

 f Wainsake, disjunct, or 

 \Wsinsa a, conjunct. 

 Wainsa. No sign. 

 f Wainsa gware or 

 \ Wainsa a gware. 

 Wainsa di. 

 Wainsa ding. 

 Wainsa la. 

 Wainsa lang. 

 Wainsa a taure. 

 Wainsa nung. 

 Wainsa manthi. 

 Wainsa mi. 

 Wainsa a pumdi. 



Dual. 

 Wainsa dausi. 

 ( Wainsa dausike, disjunct. 

 ( Wainsa asi, conjunct. 

 Wainsa dausi. 

 ( Wainsa dausike gware. 

 4 Wainsa dau/ii asi gware. 

 Wainsa dausi di. 

 Wainsa dausi ding. 

 Wainsa dausi la. 

 Wainsa dausi lang. 

 TWainsa dausike taure. 

 \Wainsa dausi asi taure. 

 Wainsa dausi nung. 

 Wainsa dausi manthi. 

 W T ainsa dausi mi. 

 Wainsa dausi asi pumdi. 



Plural. 

 Wainsa dau. 



i Wainsa dauke, disjunct. 

 \ Wainsa dau ani,J conjunct. 

 Wainsa dau. No sign. 



* The formation of these from the my, thy, series by the addition of " ki" or 

 <c ke" is quite Turkic. Wa = my, wa-ke = mine. So Turki Benim = my, 

 benimki = mine. Only Bahing uses the conjunct form merely (quasi im, imki) 

 of the pronoun which in that tongue moreover is a prefix, in Turki an affix, 

 of nouns. 



t Compare uskaka in Hindi and Urdu. 



% K, asi and ani are the conjunct forms attaching to nominative whinh follows 

 genitive, thus Wainsa dau ani ming, or wainsa dauke ani ming = the wife of 

 several men, literally men (of) their wife or woraiin. The use of the same form in 

 the next case proves gware to be a substantive used as a preposition, like bhitar in 

 Hindi : ani gware = their interior. 



