32 Memorándum on tlie Survey of Kashmir. [No. 1, 



But neither the physical character of the country ñor the constant 

 task of training nevv hands formed the chief diñiculty of a Survey 

 conducted in a foreign territory, and which at no time could be 

 expected to be agreeable to the ruler, his officials and people. To 

 them the influx of a considerable body of Surveyors spread over the 

 country, however orderly and well-conducted, must bear the aspect of 

 an intrusión. The tacfc, delicacy and ability with which Capt. Mont- 

 gomerie maintained amicable relations with the Court, a most diíficult 

 one to deal with, and preserved discipline in a large mixed establish- 

 ment, is deserving of the highest praise, and stamps hiña as an officer 

 of great policy and judgment. 



" His difficulties were much enhanced by the military rebellion of 

 1857, during the whole of which excited period the party continued 

 its peaceful labours without cessation and with only one serious 

 interruption. 



" With the oíd Maharnjah Golab Singh, Capt. Montgomerie was on 

 the most friendly terms and the estimation in which he is held by 

 Maharajah Rumbeer Singh, can best be estimated from the acknow- 

 ledgments which his Highness made to the Captain in Durbar, on 

 the resumption of operations in 1859. Without such tact and conci- 

 liation, it would have been impossible to carry out the complete and 

 final survey successfully." 



Although the splendid climate of Kashmir added to the special 

 interest attaching to the country, and the unexplored tracts adjoining, 

 made the Survey deservedly a great attraction, still the exposure of 

 surveying in such a country is very trying to the constitution and 

 many persons suffered greatly. The lower valleys are very hot, and 

 the solar radiation on hill sides is very powerful. The labor of climb- 

 ing to great elevations has often been noticed by explorers. The 

 Surveyor however arriving heated by physical exertion at great 

 elevations has to stand on ridges or peaks exposed to strong cold 

 winds while he is observing angles or sketching the ground. The 

 alternations of heat and cold and the laborious exertion limits success 

 to those persons who to the requisite professional qualifications can 

 add the physical constitution to stand the hardships which the work 

 imposes. It is very doubtful in the opinión of the Surveyor General 

 whether the ability to undergo the requisite amount of fatigue and 



