1860.] Memoranditm on tlie Sarvuy of Kashnir. 33 



exposare which mountain surveys entail can be reckoned on for a long 

 eontinuance, and he apprehends that, except in rare instances, a fre- 

 quent succession of well-trained young men would be necessary in 

 extensive mountain surveys. 



This raap is a, first instalment of tbis survey. The whole mountain 

 tract south of Kashmir Proper has been completely Triangulated and 

 Topographically surveyed, and the map thereof is novv in course of 

 construction. Altogether the área already surveyed amounts to twenty- 

 two thousand square miles in three years, and forty thousand square 

 miles of Triangulation, including all little Thibet, in four years, the chief 

 merit of which achievement is due deservedly to Captain Montgomerie. 

 The Surveyor General has requested that this may be submitted for 

 the opinión of the Council of the Royal Geographical Society together 

 with the chart of the Triangulation on which it is based, as a work 

 of accurate geography in a región hitherto imperfectly explored, and 

 it is hoped that it may obtain for Captain Montogomerie some 

 mark of the approbation of that learned body. 



The Surveyor General hopes next year to complete the maps of the 

 remaining Sub-Himalayan portion now in hand by the completion of 

 which the entire tract of Mountain Frontier from the Ganges to the 

 Cabul Territory will have been finished under bis superintendence, 

 and rendered available for incorporation into the Indian Atlas. 



The party under Captain Montgomerie is now engaged in Thibet. 

 The country is exceedingly difficult and the strength of the party 

 much diminished. In the progress of the survey advantage has been 

 taken of the opportunity to extend accurate geographical knowledge 

 by fixing numerous peaks in the Karakoram and Mustag ranges. One 

 of those already determined on the Karakoram range, along which 

 runs the boundary between Ladakh and Yarkund, one hundred and 

 fifty-eight miles N. E. of Srinagar, is 28,278 feet high (provisionally 

 settled only, being liable to a small correction when the levelling 

 operations from the sea level at Karachi, now in progress, are com- 

 pletecl). None of the peaks in the neighbourhood oí" K 2 come nearly 

 up to it though there is one fine group about sixteen miles away that 

 is generally a little over twenty-six thousand. This is probably the 

 second highest mountain in the world, as it exceeds Kanchinginga by 



F 



