1860.] Note on tlie Races of Eein Beer. 370 



and whilst that province was still united to Germany : that, on tlie 

 contrary, those which at present inhabit the northern portion of Scan- 

 dinavia, carne at a much later period (and subsequent to the land 

 stretching between the Gulf of Bothnia and the White Sea having 

 risen from the deeps), by the way of Finnish Lapland. He has 

 come to this conclusión from fossil remains of the Rein Deer having 

 been found in abundance in the alluvial peat-bogs of Scania ; whereas 

 in the whole of the line of country between that province and south- 

 ern Lapland, nothing of the kind has been met with." (Ibid. II, 

 191.) No diversity of race is alluded to ; and there can be little 

 doubt that the ancient British was identical with the Teutonic, 

 and both with the existent wild Deer of Scandinavia. 



The large Asiatic race, which in a tame state is commonly ridden 

 by the Toungouz or Tungusians and others,* and which I suspect to 

 be identical with the Woodland Caribon of N. America, is doubt- 

 less the so-called ' Roe-buck' of the Amür territory noticed in p. 92 

 antea. This I gather from a passage in the Journal of the celebrated 

 pedestrian traveller, Capt. John Dundas Cochrane, R. N. (nephew of 

 the late venerable Earl of Dundonald), who was informed, at Boukh- 

 tarmisk, that " Rein Deer abound in the mountains [southward, 

 beyond which is the lake from which the river Irtisch takes its rise] 

 which also contain Sheep. The horns of the former are considered 

 valuable, fetching two or three guineas a pair ; when very young th e 

 Chinese purchase them and extract a favourite medicine ; the younger 

 the animal who has shed the horns, the greater the valué." (Coch- 

 rane's ' Narrative,' 2nd edit., I, p. 180). Capt. Cochrane should have 

 said — the younger the horns of the animal, not " the younger the 

 animal." Oíd Bishop Pontoppidan, as quoted by Mr. Lloyd, remarks 

 that — " When the Rein Deer sheds his horns, and gets new ones in 



* The s malí Lapland race is occasionally ridden. Thus Clarke write3 — "The 

 lad who had conducted me vaulted on the back of one of them, having a Rein 

 Deer skin for his saddle, and two seives by way of stirrups." And again, at 

 Erontikis, — " The rest of the night was passed in mirth and rejoicing, we liad 

 races in sledges, drawn by Eein Deer, and anmsed ourselves by riding on the 

 backs of these animáis." (Clarlcés Winter in Lapland). Capt. Cochrane, 

 writing of the Tongousi (as he terms them) remarks — " I was anmsed with their 

 manner of catching Rein Deer, as it reminded me of the hunting of wild 

 bullocks I had seen in México ; with this diíference only, that there the man 

 rides a Horse fully trained, and here a Rein Deer," &c. &c. (Pedestrian Journal t 

 I, 373). 



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