IS The Remains at Fagdn. [No. I. 



the core of the building beneath the central spire had been hollowed 

 into a chamber. 



The principal shrine of the temple being thus in the lofty upper 

 tower, the basement contains little of interest in the interior 

 arrangements. There is on the ground level but one corridor, with 

 images in the halls opposite the north, south, and west doorways. 

 The main, or eastern, doorway is faced by a staircase leading to the 

 upper terraces, but first to a curious mezzanine or entresol, forming 

 a double corridor, running round the basement story at the level 

 of the second tier of windows. This also is a peculiarity of the 

 Thapinyu. 



The Gauda-palen is the third and last of the greater temples 

 which have been kept in repair. (PI. III.) It dates from the reign 

 of Na-ra-pa-ti-tsi-thu, about A. D. 1160. 



Crawfurd explains the name as signifying, "the throne of Gauda" 

 — a Nat or spirit. Major Phayre, though unable to obtain a 

 satisfactory solution of the name, expresses strong disbelief that a 

 Buddhist temple could be named after a Nat. 



Though of great size, and rising to a height of 180 feet, this 

 temple covers a considerably less area than the two already describ- 

 ed. It is within the city walls, and stands on lower ground than 

 they do ; but being nearer the river it is very conspicuous in 

 approaching Pagan from the southward. Gleaming in its white 

 plaster with numerous pinnacles and tall central spire, we had seen 

 it from far down the Irawadi, rising like a dim vision of Milan 

 cathedral. This enchantment it lost of course on nearer approach, 

 though still strongly suggestive of south-European church architec- 

 ture, more so perhaps than any other of these buildings except the 

 Ananda. It is cruciform in plan, and stands on a low parapetted 

 terrace irregularly following the outline. 



It is more compact and elevated in proportion to its bulk than 

 the two former buildings, but resembles them in general character, 

 exhibiting a massive basement with porches, and rising above in a 

 pyramidal gradation of terraces, crowned by a spire and Ittee. The 

 latter has broken from its stays at one side, and now leans over 

 almost horizontally, having torn with it the acorn of brick-work 

 which caps the spire, and threatening speedy downfall. 



