40 The Remains at Pagan. [No. 1. 



with it. But the result of the search that I have been able to 

 make in the Library of the Asiatic Society, since my return from 

 Burma, will perhaps establish the fact that nearly the whole of the 

 details are of Indian origin. 



I have noticed the resemblance of the spire of these Pagan 

 temples to the common Hindu shiwala. But its absolute idenity 

 with a more ancient form of Hindu temple will be seen by a 

 comparison of the spire of the Ananda (PL I.) with the ancient 

 Indian " Yimana" as given by Mr. Eergusson. 



The most universal and characteristic feature in the Pagan 

 architecture is perhaps the pediment, or canopy, of flamboyant 

 spire*s over the doors and windows. Compare Pigs. 8 and 10 of 

 PI. Y. copied from Earn Baz's Essay on the Architecture of 

 southern India, with the window of Dhamayangyi at Pagan as 

 shewn in PI. IY. Eig. 4, and it will be impossible, I think, to 

 doubt that this feature was derived from India. 



The resemblance is still closer in the doorway of the great 

 temple of Dambul in Ceylon, as given in Sir J. E. Tennent's 

 book on Christianity in that island. I have not been able to find 

 any good views of the Ceylonese remains, otherwise I doubt not 

 that the closest type of the Burmese architecture would be traced 

 in these. 



Compare again the horned and grinning heads which occur so con- 

 stantly at Pagan in the ornamentation of pilasters, as in Eigs. 8, 9 

 and 14, of PL IV. with heads of a similar character over the doorways 

 in Earn Baz's examples just referred to. If there is any doubt as to 

 the identical origin of these it must disappear when we find at 

 Pagan such a head (PL IY. Eig. 7.) occupying exactly the same 

 position as in the Indian doorway, and surrounded by the same 

 flame-like spires in both cases. This Gorgon-head, as Baffles calls 

 it, in nearly all the ancient Javanese temples, occupies the same 

 position over the doorways. It is there usually on an exaggerated 

 scale ; but it assumes its most monstrous form in the " Tiger-cave" 

 of Cuttack, where a colossal tusked and grinning head envelopes 

 the whole entrance. (See Journ. As. Soc. of Bengal, 1847.) This 

 Gorgon-head, as well as the cusped arch and indications of the 

 flamboyant points, are seen in a plate, by the late Major Kittoe, 



