434 Vdyu Vocabulary. [No. 6. 



Plural. 



N. Sing khata. 



Gr. Sing khata, conj. Sing khatamu, disj. &c. 



2nd. — Participles used substantially (Remark. When they are used adjectiv- 

 ally, which they all are to a great extent, they precede the noun and are immutable, 

 like all other adjectives). 



To'vi, he or she who beats, the beater, m. and f. 

 N. To'vi, m. f. 



Or. To'vi, conj. To'vimu, disj. 



D. Ac. To'vi, &c. 



Dual. 



N. To'vi nakpu, m. To'vi nangmi, f. 



G. To'vi nakpu, m. conj. To'vi nangmi, f. conj. To'vi nakpumu, m. disj. 



To'vi nangmimu, f. disj. &c. as before. 



Plural. 



N. To'vi khata, m. f. 



Gc. To'vi khata, conj. To'vi khatamu, disj. &c. as before. 



Topchyang, neuter of the above, what one strikes with, as club, stick, &c. 

 N. Topchyang. 



G. Topchyang, conj. Topchyangmu, disj. &c. 



Dual. 

 N. Nang topchyang. 



G. Nang topchyang, conj. Nang topchyangmu, disj. &c. 



Plural. 



N. Topchyang khata. 



G. Topchyang khata, conj. Topchyang khatamu, disj. &c. 



So also Topta, who or what has been beaten, m. f. n. with the requisite adap- 

 tation of nakpu, nangmi or nang (nayung) in the dual. 

 3rd. — Qualitives used substantially, e. g."| 



Khakchhing-wo, m. I ,, , , , . . ... 



-,-r, , , , . ° . - >= the black one, being or thing. 



Khakchhing-mi, f. f ' 6 8 



Khakchhing-mu, n. and c. J 



This and all the like are declined as above. And so also are the qualitives which 

 substitute the formative " cho" for "wo" in the masculine, as Bang-cho, a mature 

 man; Bing-cho, a handsome man, &c. The feminines of these are in " mi" as in 

 the last. They have no neuters in this form ; but they can superadd the usual 

 m. f. n., signs, as bang-cho-wo, a mature man, bang-cho-mi, a mature woman, 

 bang-cho-mu, a mature thing, and then of course they have the complete hie, hsec, 

 hoc of gender. 



4th. — The numerals, inclusive of the adverbial ones. 



5th. — Derivative qualitives formed from abstracts, as Daksa-wo, the covetous 

 man, Daksa-mi, the covetous woman, from Daksa, covetousness. Choti-wo, the 

 strong man ; Choti-mi, the strong woman, Choti-mu, the strong thing, from Choti, 

 strength. Suksa-wo, the hungry man ; Suksa-mi, the hungry woman, from Suksa, 

 hunger ; and all such. 



6th. — Nominal as well as pronominal genitives, which, with the m or mu forma- 

 tive, are all treated as distinct substantives, e. g. singmumu, the wooden one. 

 (Remark. The cacophonous iteration of the mu (though often truncated in the 

 second syllable, singmum) owing to the coincidence of the genitival and formative 

 signs, makes the use of such words rare when a possessive case meaning must be 

 assigned to them. They are used, however, freely in all other cases). 



7tti. — Simple or compound words indicating one's country, profession or avo- 



