1857.] 



Vtiyu Vocabulary. 



465 



S. 7 Tognom. 



D. 7 Tognochhem. 



P. Tognonem. 



Aoristic. 



Present 



and 

 Future. 



Y 



Preterite. 



Special forms. 

 I. — I to thee. 



S. Tonum. 1 (only) placed or will place thee. 



D. Tonochhem. I (only) placed or will place you two. 



P. Tononem. I (only) placed or will place you all. 



II. — Thou to me. 



Thou (or he) placest &c. me. 

 Ye two (or they two) place me. 

 Ye all (only) place me. 



Preterite. 



S. 7 Tosungmi. Thou (or he) placed me. 



D. 7 Tosungchhem. Ye two (or they two) placed me. 



P. Tosungnem. Ye all placed me. 



Negative Mood. 



By prefixing ma merely. 



Optative Mood. 



Ta dakgnom, &c. as in active voice. 



Ta ping dakgnom (the last as a neuter) seems to be more correct, but is eschewed, 

 though dakgnom, if allowed to be a passive, could hardly (one would suppose) 

 create the passive sense in the main verb in either form of this mood. 



Interrogative Mood. 



Togno ki ma. Tosung ki ma, } and so on, dropping the final 



To ki ma. To ki ma, > m, mi and substituting the 



-f-Tokima. -}-Tako ki ma, J interrogative ki ma. 



Subjunctive Mood. 



As in the interrogative but substituting nam in present and phen in 'past tense 

 for the interrogatory form. 



Potential Mood. 



Ta won gnom, 

 Ta won mi, 

 -J-Ta wontum, 



Ta ping chungmi. 

 Ta ping chem. 

 Ta ping chem. 



r&c, like the passive of hato aforegone. Here also the 

 J passive sense lost in the truncated root is trans- 

 j ferred to the secondary verb. Taping wonchungmi, 

 [. lam able to be put down, is also admissible. 



Causal Mood. 



") Ta ping gnom 

 j Ta ping mi, 

 J>Ta ping mi, 



I am put down by my | I am set down by an- 



own will, &c. 



Ta nata pognom, 

 Ta nata pomi, 

 Ta nata pomi. 



J 



^ &c, by the reflex or passive 



j causal of pingko conju- 



\- gated like imche and 



hompo, respectively. 



other's will, &c. J 



Continuative Mood. 



") &c, 

 ) P> 



the 

 f tbe 

 ace. 



iterated root conjugated with the passive 

 verb pa, to do, which agrees with ta, to 



Thus are conjugated jako, to eat, pako, to make, Thako, to hear, Nako, to 

 kindle, Chhako, to loosen, Chhuko, to seize, Doko, to catch, Khiko, to hide, 

 Duko, to dig, Seko, to understand, Reko and Guko, to lift up, Khoko, to cook, 

 Boko, to dry and all others having a nude root before the ko sign. But observe 



