1856.] 



Aborigines of the Eastern Ghats. 



43 



pletion. Fresh ones continue to flow in upon me still, and I have 

 obtained not less than thirty, almost all new, since my analysis was 

 nearly completed. This is the reason why it has been withheld — 



Sa, Burmese, a son. 



£" sd ' Uimbu( achild - 

 Ku-sa J ( a son. 



Ku-su, Karnatak, a child. 



Ku-se, Mikir, ditto. 



Ku-ko-s', Oraon, ditto. 



Ta-ng-ko-s', ditto, ditto. 



Pa, passim, father. 

 Ta-pe, Gyarung, ditto. 

 Ka-pa, Kassia, ditto. 

 Ta-ga-pa-n, Tamil, ditto. 

 Wa-pe, Gyarung, ditto. 

 U-pa, Hayu, ditto. 

 W-ab, Circassian, ditto. 

 U-pa, Cbintang, ditto. 

 O-pa, Rangchhen, ditto. 

 U-pa-p, Thulung, ditto. 

 U-ka.pa, Kassia, ditto. 

 Ap-d, Chowrasi, ditto. 

 A-pa, Waling, my father. 



Chinese i MaDkind » the s P e ' 



u-nj ( cies. 



E-ya-n, Toder, father. 

 You-k, Burmese, man, the male. 

 Y6, Savara, woman, mother. 

 Yu-m, Tibetan, ditto. 

 A-yu 1 Lepcha and ( a wife. 

 Ta-yu J Tamil ( a woman. 



Ta-yi, Karnatak and Yerukala, a mother. 

 Ta-ng-y6, Oraon, a mother. 

 Ta-i \ Khyi or Kassia! a mother: i= 

 Tha-i J Malabar J yi, 



Er = Re, Onigur, man. 



Ar = Ra, Mikir, ditto. 



Ir = Ri, Bhaskir and Nogay, ditto. 



A-ir= a-rij, Armenian, ditto. 



E-ri-1, Ho, ditto. 



E-re-1, Sontal, ditto. 



E-ro-s, Hungarian, virilis. 



Wi-ro, Scythic, man. 



U-ri, Kasikumak, man. 



G-ri, Kocch and Dimai, Pater familias. 



G-ra, Bodo, head of pagus. 



E-ri-n, Kasikumak, man. 



T-ri-n, Shan, ditto. 



Ta-n-d-ri, Telugu, father. 



Ta-g-ri, Lepcha, man, father. 



Sa (vel chd) is the root. It means a 

 non-adult. Ka vel ga is the indefinite 

 article ; and a, the definite, or its equi- 

 valent = my, so that ku-sa is any child, 

 •{ and a-sa my child. Ta is = ka and both 

 take the nasal appendage, n, ng, or m. 

 Oraon iterates the prefix and elides the 

 vowel of its root : ta-ka-sa = ta-ga-pa 



I below. 



f The root speaks for itself, Gyarung 

 has the ta and Kassia the ka prefix. 

 They are commutable ta vel da and ka 

 vel ga, and the use of both is normal. 

 Tamil exhibits both and also the nasal 

 suffix. The ta vel ka, used as an inde- 

 finite article is a contraction of the 3rd 

 pronoun, another form of which is u 

 vel 6 vel w. Hence u-pa, o-pa, wa-b 

 vel wa-p, ta-pa and ka-pa = pater illius 

 vel istius, pater cujusvis, a father whilst 

 d-pa = my father as above. Thulung 

 iterates the root, and Kassia the arti- 

 cular prefix, like Tamil u-ka-pa = ta- 



\_ga-pa. 



f Ya, yu, yi the root = man the species, 

 or the male or female, or the emphatic 

 female, viz. mother. Chinese, Burmese 

 and Tibetan have the suffixual definitive ; 

 m =; n, as in Chinese and Tamil supra : 

 k suffix, the same as k vel g prefix supra, 

 «{ such transposition being normal and ex- 

 emplified in ap-o = u-pa = wab, supra. 

 Observe that the use of the prefixual a 

 and ta, as respectively definite and inde- 

 finite articles, is common to Tamil, Lep- 

 cha and Limbu. I might add Burmese, 



^_&c. &c. Malabar has ta prefix aspirated. 



The ra, re, ri root for mankind is pal- 

 pable throughout and the prefixes and 

 suffixes, as well as the cumulation of the 

 former, are normal and therefore har- 

 monize with the preceding samples ; 

 thus t-ri, g-ri, ta-g-ri respond precisely 

 to td-pa, ka-pa, td-gd-pd aforegone, while 

 the n suffix of Shan tri-n = the Tamil 

 n in tagapa-n not less than the Telugu. 

 n in tan-dri, A vel e and u vel w pre- 

 fixes recur just as in a-sa, a-pa, a-yu, e-y a- 

 n,u-pa and o-pa. So also the nasal iutix, 

 whilst the suffixed labial and sibilant are 

 as normal as the other adjuncts. 



e 2 



