44 



Aborigines of the Eastern Ghats. 



[No. 1. 



this, and the daily increasing skill in the use of that most potent 

 of instruments, extended comparative analysis. But I cannot now 



The above samples are selected out of thousands whereby collectively perfect 

 proof is afforded that Tartaric vocables are every where subject to identical laws of 

 construction and built out of identical materials. In the absence of books of 

 authority to cite, the demonstration must of necessity be par la voie du fait, and 

 depend on the fitness and number of instances. I am prepared with thousands 

 of instances whose applicability or fitness will, I think, be allowed to be irresistibly 

 convincing. Though we have good grammars, dictionaries and books on some few 

 of the many tongues I cite, I am not aware that the composition of vocables has 

 at all engaged the attention of their authors. It is the rock I build on. 



Addenda — Under the head Sd, Burmese, a son, add 



f The prefix da vel ta, by elision d', V , 

 is as common a definitive, as Tea vel ga 

 with which it is constantly interchange- 

 able, or both are given, as in ta-pa, ka- 

 pa, ta-ga-pa ; and a vel eprefix has often 

 the indefinite article sense, and thus also 

 is used indifferently with ta and ka, thus 

 Burmese a-yen vel ka-yen, an abori- 

 gines ; and thus ta-vo vel ka-vo, a bird 

 in Bugis. The most common of defi- 

 nitives which are tantamount to articles 

 usually indefinite, are, t vel d ; k vel g ; 

 n, ng, vel m; p, b. v. vel w ; r, vel I ; 

 and the vowels i, e, a, u, o which 

 ■{ are all nearly commutable as being 

 in origin = ille, iste. And all are liable 

 to transposition and thus to become suf- 

 fixes, as well as to be repeated both pre- 

 fixually and suffixually as in Chinese 

 t-se-i and Mantchu d-chu-i where sa 

 vel cha = little, is the crude, and t-se-i, 

 vel d-chu-i, precisely our English "a 

 little one." That this is so, compare 

 Chinese td = great and se = small with 

 Newari td and chi having the same sense. 

 Newari takes the ka, ga suffix, like 

 Mantchu, thus chi-ki small, and d-cha- 



\ka a thing, in those tongues respectively. 



Under the head Yu-n, mankind, after the word You-k, Burmese, add the word — 



K-yd-ga, Tibetan, a man, the male. f Tibetan k-yo-ga from the yd, yu, yd 



crude, shows the ka vel ga definitive in 

 both forms (soft and hard) and in both 

 positions (prefix and suffix). The cor- 

 respondent word for the female is ki-mi 

 = ka-mi in Kassia and not less = ka-mi 

 and ku-mi in the tongues so named after 

 the name for our species in them. The 

 sexual distributive use of ka and u pre- 

 fixes in Kassia is only of secondary 



Sa-u, Thai, a son. 



O-su, U-sa, Lazic, a child. 



D-si, vel D-zi. Kuanchua, a son. 



T-se, T-s^-i, Kong, a child. 



D-chu-i, Mantchu, ditto. 



Cho-a, Kocch, ditto. 



K6-a,* Ho, a child. 



* Sd= cha on one hand and kd on 

 the other. The soft sa passes into za or 

 zya (French j); and the hard cha into 

 ka, as in church = kirk. Thus Ho Kd 

 = Kocch Cho, as surely as the suffix d 

 = the prefix a, whether used as a defi- 

 nitely or indefinitely definitive article : 

 d-yu Lepcha, a wife, shows it as quasi 

 definite whilst d-kap, a child, gives the 

 a an indefinite sense rather ; and a-nak 

 in Lepcha and Burmese = the black, or 

 a black one, is used either way. 



