328 Origin and progress of writing down historical facts. [No. 4. 



this description was given, seems to be the catalogue either of this 

 or the Basrah library. 



98. This and the following five paragraphs are taken from the 

 lima" of the Qadhiy 'Iyadh [d. 544]. 



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'Abd al Ra&man b. Mahdiy relates : " Makhrimah had books from 

 his father, the contents of which he had never heard from him [yet 

 he related the /^adythes which they contained on his authority] 

 'Abd al-E-ahman also relates, Al-iZakam, the son of Miqsam heard 

 only four 7aadythes from Ibn Abbas, the rest he had from him in 

 writing. He also says, IsMq b. Eashid came to Ray and said, 

 Zohry informed, &c.' He was asked, Where have you met Zohry ? 

 and he answered, " I have not met Zohry, but I found a book of his 

 at Jerusalem." 



IsMq b. Rashid died during the reign of Abu Ja'far. 



99. Awza'y relates : " that he heard Thabit b. Ma'bad say, The 

 diacritical dots are the light of a book," *s~\ ^JSx^\jy. Some 

 persons said according to Awza'y, Diacritical marks are required in 

 difficult passages cU-k| k°. d&*i U3|. 



100. At the time of Malik b. Anas it was so common that the 

 pupil first copied the ^adythes, and then read them before the Shaykh, 

 that Malik said to 'Abd Allah b. Moslimah Qa'naby. The transmis- 

 sion is more valid if you read to me than if I read to you ^j^ cJojy 

 *-£&*■ iJ*[j* L^ f*\* Malik was also asked whether hearing or 

 rehearsal was better in his opinion, and he said rehearsal <jJLj J&*> 

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" Hearing" means that the Shaykh relates or reads a^adyth, and 

 the pupil listens to him. " Rehearsal" means that the pupil copies 

 it and reads it to the Shaykh, who rehearses it. 



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