510 Aborigines of the Nilgiris. [No. ($. 



Badaga 

 Ku rumba 



hui-d-an 

 huiyu-t-an 



> I struck (him). 



-< 





Ku rumba 



mad- id- en 



I made (it) 







May be analysed precisely as 



are — 



Y Active voice. 



Turkic 



sever-d-iin 



I loved (him) 





Hungarian 



var-t-am 



I waited for (him) | 



Kiranti (Bailing) 



tip-t-ong 



I struck (him) 



j 



Hayu 



top-t-um 



struck him 



1 Passive 



Khamti 



ha-t-p 



gave him 





Hayu 



ha-t-um 



gave him 



voice. 



Kuswar 



tha-tha-im- 

 ik-au 



> I struck (him) 





Active. 



and numberless others of which I shall have, ere long, to speak in 

 full. That is to say, I hold it for certain that all these verbal forms 

 consist of, 1st, the root or crude, 2nd, the transitive and preterite 

 sign, 3rd, the personal ending; and that moreover, the 2nd of these 

 elements may, in every case, be resolved into the 3rd pronoun, 

 current or obsolete, and used objectively. Kuswar baba-ik, = his 

 father compared with tha-tha-ik = strike (i. e. him, the object) 

 settles the last point even more clearly than Samoiede lata-da = his 

 stick and Magyar Cicero-t = Ciceronem.* 



Having mentioned the wonderful analogy of these tongues I will 

 give a telling instance. In the Hayu language of the central Hima- 

 laya and in the Mantchu we have khwachambi or khwachammi, = I 

 feed, that is to say, feed myself; for, khwa, vel khoa, is the root ; 

 cha, the reflex sign ; and mbi vel mini, the personal ending, and one 

 too that in both^tongues is invariable, though Hayu appears some- 

 times to drop the iteration in the 2nd and 3rd person, khwachammi, 

 khwa-cha-m, khwa-cha-m, /, thou, he, feed (self). Now, that root, 

 reflex sign, and personal ending should thus concur to absolute 

 identity, and that sense also should be as identical as form, in two 

 unconnected languages, is simply impossible. It follows therefore, 

 that we have people of the Mantchu race forthcoming now in the 

 central Himalaya close on the verge of the plains ! And, again, 

 what shall we say to such grammatical coincidences as — 



Turki Baba-im = my father, sever-im = I love. 



Kuswar Baba-im = my father, saken-im = 1 can. 



The answer is clear, that we have people of the Turkic stem also 



* Midler apud Bunsen, I, 319. 



