1852.] On the Sites of Nikaia and Boukephalon. 235 



movement to cross the Hydaspes having been to the left rather than 

 to the right. 



4th. That the features of the ground and of the river eleven 

 miles above Julalpoor do in no wise agree with Arrian's minute de- 

 scription. 



5th. That the features of the ground and of the river eleven 

 miles above the Jelum ferry tally with Arrian's and Curtius's descrip- 

 tions in every particular : for which compare the accounts of those 

 authors with my map of the Hydaspes in the number of this Journal 

 for Dec. 1848. 



6th. That the site of Nikaia in Arrowsmith's map of 1849 is laid 

 down upon insufficient authority, and has never been the site of a city, 

 nor could ever have been selected as such by Alexander. 



7th. That we must look for traces of Nikaia and Boukephala upon 

 the main road or near some important ferry : not in obscure corners, 

 where they could have had no existence as cities, or where, if existent, 

 they must have been unknown. 



Is it a mere flight of fancy, or do I really trace this Anabasis in 

 the names of the villages which mark the course of the invader ? The 

 question is curious, and if the reader will refer to the map of the 

 Jelum so often quoted, he may in five minutes be, if not edified, at 

 least amused. 



I have in that map placed the camp of Alexander opposite the 

 present Jelum. But as Alexander could not at that time use the 

 ferry, it is not improbable that his camp may have been higher up 

 the stream where the islands commence. Quintus Curtius speaks 

 of skirmishes going on in the islands of the Hydaspes, and it is 

 obvious, that a camp at Khokur would have facilitated the flank move- 

 ment purposed, by enabling the Macedonians to screen their boats in 

 the deep western channel, and behind the high islands of the Hydas- 

 pes. This, therefore, seems the more probable locality, and if so, 

 the village Koolal may be derived from the Greek KoiXvoi, to impede, 

 (the place of impediment).* 



Ten miles above this is the promontory which appears to me that 

 mentioned by Arrian as the point of embarkation. There, on the 



* 'ATre'xet 5e H\ re &Kpa k<x\ r\ vr/ffos rod peyaKov (TTpctToire'Soy is ■n^VT^KOVTOL KaX 

 tKarhu (rradiovs. Arrian, v. 11. 



2 H 



